Silicon core-mesoporous shell carbon spheres as high stability lithium-ion battery anode

Prakash, S.; Zhang, Chunfei; Park, Jong-Deok; Razmjooei, Fatemeh; Yu, Jong-Sung

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.004

Cited by 64 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…[125] Additionally, the charge storage mechanism and voltage profile can vary with internal porosity, with pore filling of sodium ions observed at low potentials in SIBs. [183] Doping of carbon with heteroatoms (e.g., nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, sulfur) can affect the electronic properties and energetics of alkali metal intercalation and binding. Designed particle morphologies, such as a silicon core-carbon shell structure, can provide enhanced rate capability and cycling stability while avoiding excess SEI formation, but require complex multistep synthesis procedures.…”

Section: Relationship Between Materials Properties and Electrochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Designed particle morphologies, such as a silicon core-carbon shell structure, can provide enhanced rate capability and cycling stability while avoiding excess SEI formation, but require complex multistep synthesis procedures. [183] Doping of carbon with heteroatoms (e.g., nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, sulfur) can affect the electronic properties and energetics of alkali metal intercalation and binding. [90] Table 2 shows the enhanced specific capacities of doped carbon anodes for LIBs.…”

Section: Relationship Between Materials Properties and Electrochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that low density carbon materials with high porosity and surface area result in decreased volumetric energy density as compared to bulk graphite particles. Designed particle morphologies, such as a silicon core–carbon shell structure, can provide enhanced rate capability and cycling stability while avoiding excess SEI formation, but require complex multistep synthesis procedures . Doping of carbon with heteroatoms (e.g., nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, sulfur) can affect the electronic properties and energetics of alkali metal intercalation and binding .…”

Section: Disordered Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects

Adams

Varma

2019

Advanced Energy Materials

140

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electrolyte, but were limited by significant safety concerns, such as thermal runaway, arising from the lithium metal anode and its tendency for dendrite formation. These dendrites develop and grow due to uneven lithium deposition caused by irregularities in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) passivation layer, which forms via electrolyte decomposition on the highly reactive lithium anode surface. Eventually, repeated cycling can result in an internal short circuit via puncturing of the separator by dendrites for cell failure and possible thermal runaway. Extensive research was conducted to mitigate these concerns, primarily by electrolyte manipulation to improve SEI uniformity or implementation of a polymer based solid-state electrolyte. However, this issue has still not been fully overcome even to this day, resulting in the alternative strategy of replacing the lithium anode with an intercalation-based storage material.The development of these "rocking chair" batteries began in the 1980s, where charging transfers lithium from cathode to anode and discharging reverses this process, with the first practical demonstrations by Scrosati. [2] Substantial progress came with the discoveries of the standard electrode materials: LiCoO 2 cathode by Goodenough and co-workers in 1981, [3] and graphite anode by Yazami and Touzain in 1983. [4] The first cell comprising a carbon anode and LiCoO 2 cathode was tested by Yoshino in 1983, which exhibited superior safety features as compared to lithium metal anode. [5] Optimization of the electrolyte came from replacing propylene carbonate (PC), which underwent a decomposition reaction with graphite due to cointercalation and exfoliation, to ethylene carbonate (EC)/ diethyl carbonate (DEC) mixtures. A schematic of this mature LIB is shown in Figure 1a. Sony commercialized the lithiumion battery (LIB) in 1991, where the new electrochemistry demonstrated advantages of higher energy density, longer life time, and no memory effect, as compared to the conventional nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride secondary cells. Further progress and improvement in electrolyte, electrode microstructure, and cell manufacturing has led to a doubling of energy density for LIBs since their inception, almost 30 years later, despite their analogous operation mechanism. [6] Additionally, from their initial application for handheld electronics, LIBs are now seeing rapid utilization in vehicle electrification, with the global LIB capacity projected to double to 278 GWh per year Since their commercialization by Sony in 1991, graphite anodes in combination with various cathodes have enabled the widespread success of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), providing over 10 billion rechargeable batteries to the global population. Next-generation nonaqueous alkali metal-ion batteries, namely sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), are projected to utilize intercalation-based carbon anodes as well, due to their favorable electrochemical properties. While traditionally graphite anodes have d...

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Section: Relationship Between Materials Properties and Electrochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Materials Properties and Electrochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disordered Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects

Adams

Varma

2019

Advanced Energy Materials

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Amorphous silicon nanoparticles (NPs) can remain crack-resistant when their diameter is below 870 nm [ 19 , 20 ]. The most promising papers describing the electrode development by the silicon nanostructure formation present the nano Si/C stack multilayer prepared by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method [ 21 ], carbon hollow spheres with silicon NPs [ 22 ], silicon hollow spheres with carbon coating made through sacrificial core dissolution [ 23 ], silicon NPs embedded into graphite 3D matrix [ 24 ], silicon nano-pillars, nano-wires or self-sustainable porous silicon structures [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], composites with graphite [ 28 ] or lithium titanium oxide [ 29 ] and graphene layers [ 30 ]. Nanostructures containing empty space (e.g., pillars, wires) are beneficial for the silicon cycle life, because they provide the space for an unrestricted volume change without electrode macro-structure degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Oxidation of Nano-Silicon as a Method for Cycle Life Enhancement of Li-ion Active Materials

et al. 2020

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Among the many studied Li-ion active materials, silicon presents the highest specific capacity, however it suffers from a great volume change during lithiation. In this work, we present two methods for the chemical modification of silicon nanoparticles. Both methods change the materials’ electrochemical characteristics. The combined XPS and SEM results show that the properties of the generated silicon oxide layer depend on the modification procedure employed. Electrochemical characterization reveals that the formed oxide layers show different susceptibility to electro-reduction during the first lithiation. The single step oxidation procedure resulted in a thin and very stable oxide that acts as an artificial SEI layer during electrode operation. The removal of the native oxide prior to further reactions resulted in a very thick oxide layer formation. The created oxide layers (both thin and thick) greatly suppress the effect of silicon volume changes, which significantly reduces electrode degradation during cycling. Both modification techniques are relatively straightforward and scalable to an industrial level. The proposed modified materials reveal great applicability prospects in next generation Li-ion batteries due to their high specific capacity and remarkable cycling stability.

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“…To explore the interaction between the digestate and lignite in co-gasification process, it is necessary to mix the two feedstocks homogeneously. Many approaches to mix the materials such as using ethanol, incipient wetness impregnation method and physical methods, are used in the field of electrode material preparation, catalytic pyrolysis and raw materials mixing, respectively [21]. Wu et al [22] investigated the effects of mixing methods on the cellulose-hemicellulose interactions during pyrolysis, blending cellulose and hemicellulose manually with a hydraulic press machine under 20 MPa comparing with native mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction and Kinetics Study of the Co-Gasification of High-solid Anaerobic Digestate and Lignite

et al. 2020

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This study aims at investigating the interaction and kinetics behavior of the co-gasification of digestate and lignite. The co-pyrolysis performances of digestate and lignite blended by dry process were better than that blended by wet process, while the wet-blending process could improve the performance in co-gasification stage because of the larger pore diameter and pore volume. When anaerobic digestion (AD) time was 40 days, the synergistic interaction between digestate and lignite were the most remarkable based on the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and the experiments in the lab-scale downdraft fixed bed gasifier. Kinetics study showed that the increase of AD time and the addition of digestate in lignite decreased the activation energy of the co-gasification reaction.

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Silicon core-mesoporous shell carbon spheres as high stability lithium-ion battery anode

Cited by 64 publications

References 51 publications

Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects

Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects

Surface Oxidation of Nano-Silicon as a Method for Cycle Life Enhancement of Li-ion Active Materials

Interaction and Kinetics Study of the Co-Gasification of High-solid Anaerobic Digestate and Lignite

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