Silicon/Mesoporous Carbon/Crystalline TiO₂ Nanoparticles for Highly Stable Lithium Storage

Abstract

A core-shell-shell heterostructure of Si nanoparticles as the core with mesoporous carbon and crystalline TiO as the double shells (Si@C@TiO) is utilized as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, which could successfully tackle the vital setbacks of Si anode materials, in terms of intrinsic low conductivity, unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films, and serious volume variations. Combined with the high theoretical capacity of the Si core (4200 mA h g), the double shells can perfectly avoid direct contact of Si with electrolyte, leading to stable SEI films and enhanced Coulombic efficiency. On the other hand, the carbon inner shell is effective at improving the overall conductivity of the Si-based electrode; the TiO outer shell is expected to serve as a rigid layer to achieve high structural stability and integrity of the core-shell-shell structure. As a result, the elaborate Si@C@TiO core-shell-shell nanoparticles are proven to show excellent Li storage properties. It delivers high reversible capacity of 1726 mA h g over 100 cycles, with outstanding cyclability of 1010 mA h g even after 710 cycles.

Space‐Confined Atomic Clusters Catalyze Superassembly of Silicon Nanodots within Carbon Frameworks for Use in Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…However, the serious volume variation (ca. 400 %) of Si electrodes, coupled with poor conductivity, often cause electrode pulverization and active material loss, resulting in overall deterioration of battery performance . Incorporating Si into a carbon matrix is recognized as an effective method by which to improve structural and electrical integrity of Si‐based electrodes for enhanced LIB performance .…”

Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Shape and Composition Regulation Based on Galvanic Replacement for Cancer Treatment

“…Porous nanoparticles of metal oxide nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica (SiO2) [186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193], and mesoporous titania (TiO2) [194][195][196][197][198][199] have been extensively studied owing to their facile template assisted formation. In the case of noble metal nanoparticles, no methods for the controlled synthesis of porous nanostructures have been established owing to the need for reducing-agent-mediated synthetic strategies and the importance of crystallinity.…”

Engineering Carbon Distribution in Silicon‐Based Anodes at Multiple Scales

“…[6] As ac onventional intercalation-type electrode, ag raphite anode usually undergoes negligible or less than 10 %v olume change duringt he lithium ions insertion/extraction processes, which can maintain the stabilityofthe electrode-electrolyte interface, giving rising to al ong cyclel ife. [8] In this context,t remendous efforts have been devoted to exploring C/Si-based hybrid anodes. Combining a carbon matrix with silicon-based (C/Si-based) anode materials can not only enhance the electron and ion transfer, but also can help alleviatet he overall volume expansion effectively, thus maintaining the interfacial integrity,w hich contributes to excellent cycling stability.…”