Silicon Nitride, a Close to Ideal Ceramic Material for Medical Application

Heimann, Robert B.

doi:10.3390/ceramics4020016

Cited by 63 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The addition of Cr 2 O 3 was reported to enhance the mechanical performance of Al 2 O 3 as it increases crack bridging [ 59 ]. Furthermore, covalently bonded Si 3 N 4 has much higher mechanical strength than well-known oxide bioceramics and has been reported to enhance the strength and wear performance of Al 2 O 3 –ZrO 2 based composites [ 60 ]. The wear remains 0.0078 mm 3 /million cycles for alternative A-3 having 70.50 wt.% and 5 wt.% Al 2 O 3 and Si 3 N 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design of Ceramic Based Hip Implant Composites Using Hybrid AHP-MOORA Approach

Singh

Goswami²,

Patnaik

et al. 2022

Materials

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Designing excellent hip implant composite material with optimal physical, mechanical and wear properties is challenging. Improper hip implant composite design may result in a premature component and product failure. Therefore, a hybrid decision-making tool was proposed to select the optimal hip implant composite according to several criteria that are probably conflicting. In varying weight proportions, a series of hip implant composite materials containing different ceramics (magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, chromium oxide, silicon nitride and aluminium oxide) were fabricated and evaluated for wear and physicomechanical properties. The density, void content, hardness, indentation depth, elastic modulus, compressive strength, wear, and fracture toughness values were used to rank the hip implant composites. It was found that the density and void content of the biocomposites remain in the range of 3.920–4.307 g/cm3 and 0.0021–0.0089%, respectively. The composite without zirconium oxide exhibits the lowest density (3.920 g/cm3), while the void content remains lowest for the composite having no chromium oxide content. The highest values of hardness (28.81 GPa), elastic modulus (291 GPa) and fracture toughness (11.97 MPa.m1/2) with the lowest wear (0.0071 mm3/million cycles) were exhibited by the composites having 83 wt.% of aluminium oxide and 10 wt.% of zirconium oxide. The experimental results are compositional dependent and without any visible trend. As a result, selecting the best composites among a group of composite alternatives becomes challenging. Therefore, a hybrid AHP-MOORA based multi-criteria decision-making approach was adopted to choose the best composite alternative. The AHP (analytic hierarchy process) was used to calculate the criteria weight, and MOORA (multiple objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis) was used to rank the composites. The outcomes revealed that the hip implant composite with 83 wt.% aluminium oxide, 10 wt.% zirconium oxide, 5 wt.% silicon nitride, 3 wt.% magnesium oxide, and 1.5 wt.% chromium oxide had the best qualities. Finally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the ranking’s robustness and stability concerning the criterion weight.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design of Ceramic Based Hip Implant Composites Using Hybrid AHP-MOORA Approach

Singh

Goswami²,

Patnaik

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…After root filling, teeth were referred to a prosthetic specialist for a crown coverage if indicated. During the survey, temporary prosthetic crown according to Heimann (2021) was made by a modified radiolucent hybrid composite (Estenia, Kuraray) to avoid interference with the radiological assessment and diagnosis of marginal gaps, quality of the root filling and the overall condition for apical healing [40].…”

Section: Root Canal Fillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioimaging in the Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of the Vegetable Extract Obtained from Epilobium Parviflorum Schreb

et al. 2022

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For years, apical microleakage has been considered the main factor in endodontic failure therapy. Sealing abilities and antibacterial properties of root canal sealers and intracanal medicaments between appointments have been recognized as important factors for the success of endodontic treatment. Background: Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease around the apex of a tooth root. The microorganisms reach the pulp by dentinal tubules especially when there is an open cavity after a coronal fracture and the pulp is in contact with the septic oral environment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of healing by recording periapical index (PAI), after two appointment endodontic procedure with commercial or experimental intracanal medicament. Methods: A total of 40 patients with primary chronic apical periodontitis requiring root canal treatment were assigned randomly into four groups according to the teeth medicated with dehydrated plant extract, calcium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide mixed with chlorhexidine (CHX) gel 2%, Walkhoff paste and obturated on a second visit, 7 days later. Patients were recalled at intervals of 3, 6, and 12 months to evaluate the treated teeth both clinically and radiographically for periapical healing. A 5-score scale PAI was used to evaluate stages of the periapical healing on a periapical radiography using a Kodak Dental imaging software provided by the radio-imagistic center. Results: Radiological evaluation revealed that the experimental intracanal medicament had a cumulative positive healing capacity by reducing the PAI as well as all resorbable pastes used in endodontic conventional therapy. Conclusions: The results suggest that the vegetable dry extract obtained from Epilobium parviflorum Schreb can be used as an inter-appointment medication among with the root canal filling for the positive effect on apical healing quantified by reducing the PAI.

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“…Biomaterials are subjected to complex environments and must be capable of not altering the environment or modifying biological processes, in addition to supporting mechanical work and cycles. For that reason, biomaterials are a multidisciplinary science that involves the basic sciences, engineering and the medical area [19].…”

Section: Developingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of Si3N4, it has been found that the absorption of fibronectin and vitronectin-type proteins are significantly higher compared to Ti and PEEK [39]. Furthermore, it has been seen that the surface modification of this material bearing functional primary amine end groups increases fibronectin adsorption and promoted cell proliferation, but there is a delay in differentiation [47].…”

Section: Fibroblast Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Material Properties for Dental Implants: Titanium, Polyetheretherketone, Zirconium and Silicon Nitride

et al. 2022

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This review article presents the biological and technological properties of biomaterials: titanium, polyetheretherketone, zirconium and Si3N4, focused on the application of dental implants. The methodology focused on examining different works related to the topics of biocompatibility, biofilm formation and adhesion properties, fibroblast proliferation, bone resorption, peri-implant infection, osseointegration, histology, cytotoxicity, toxicity, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, hemocompatibility, vascularization, mechanical resistance and approval for use by the FDA. The results of the review show that all four biomaterials have favorable properties that can revolutionize implants, however, more studies are needed to confirm the results in the short and medium term. MethodologyThe methodology was focused on carrying out a review of articles related to the topics of biocompatibility, biofilm formation and adhesion properties, fibroblast proliferation, bone resorption, peri-implant infection, osseointegration, histology, cytotoxicity, toxicity, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, hemocompatibility, vascularity, mechanical resistance and approval for use by the FDA; related in dental implants and materials Ti, PEEK, Zr and Si3N4.

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Silicon Nitride, a Close to Ideal Ceramic Material for Medical Application

Cited by 63 publications

References 66 publications

Optimal Design of Ceramic Based Hip Implant Composites Using Hybrid AHP-MOORA Approach

Optimal Design of Ceramic Based Hip Implant Composites Using Hybrid AHP-MOORA Approach

Radioimaging in the Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of the Vegetable Extract Obtained from Epilobium Parviflorum Schreb

Comparison of Material Properties for Dental Implants: Titanium, Polyetheretherketone, Zirconium and Silicon Nitride

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