Silicon nitride surface chemistry: A potent regulator of mesenchymal progenitor cell activity in bone formation

Pezzotti, Giuseppe; Bock, Ryan M.; Adachi, Tetsuya; Rondinella, Alfredo; Boschetto, Francesco; Zhu, Wenliang; Marin, Elia; McEntire, Bryan J.; Bal, B. Sonny; Mazda, Osam

doi:10.1016/j.apmt.2017.05.005

Cited by 60 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…However, these HA crystals are believed to form in the intracellular space (Nitiputri et al, ). Pezzotti et al () have observed similar findings in high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. Nevertheless, the spontaneous formation of Ca‐P or HA on Si 3 N 4 in the absence of cells has never been reported on the Si 3 N 4 surfaces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Chemical modifications to the surface of Si 3 N 4 enhanced its biomineralization relative to HA and other competitive biomaterials (Bock, ). This was attributed to many factors, including its surface chemistry, hydrophilicity and its strong electronegative surface sites, which promoted cell attachment and migration when compared to HA, Ti or PEEK (Bock et al, ; Pezzotti et al, ; Pezzotti, McEntire, Bock, Zhu, et al,). Based on prior work with amorphous silicon nitride (Ilyas, Lavrik, Kim, Aswath, & Varanasi, ), the presence of surface nitrogen induces the formation of N‐H moieties that act as precursors to the amide groups present in collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon nitride enhances osteoprogenitor cell growth and differentiation via increased surface energy and formation of amide and nanocrystalline HA for craniofacial reconstruction

et al. 2019

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The bioactive silicon nitride (Si3N4) has been FDA cleared for use as spinal intervertebral arthrodesis devices. Because its surface properties promote bone ongrowth and ingrowth, it also has the potential to benefit craniofacial reconstruction. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine whether the surface properties of Si3N4 could enhance the osteoblast cell growth, differentiation and nucleation of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals compared to conventional implant materials such as titanium (Ti) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). X‐ray absorbance near‐edge structure analysis (XANES) indicated the presence of Si‐Si, Si‐O and Si‐N bonding. Surface wettability studies confirmed that Si3N4 exhibits the lowest contact angle and highest surface energy. Cell culture studies showed that osteoblast growth was enhanced on Si3N4 after 1 day and up to 7 days. Si3N4 surface induced highest surface coverage and thickness of nanocrystalline HA (211) and (203) in cell‐free in vitro studies after 7 days of culture. Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of surface functional groups consisting of phosphate and carbonate species. Interestingly, Si3N4 surface showed amide and hydroxyproline groups, the precursors to collagen, which were not observed on Ti and PEEK surfaces. Furthermore, Si3N4 surface indicated high expression of RUNX2, enhanced cell differentiation and dense collagenous ECM after 30 days of the in vitro study. The present study concluded that Si3N4 surface enhances osteoprogenitor cell adhesion, growth, RUNX2 expression and ECM formation via the coupled effects of higher surface energy and the presence of amide and nanocrystalline HA functional groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon nitride enhances osteoprogenitor cell growth and differentiation via increased surface energy and formation of amide and nanocrystalline HA for craniofacial reconstruction

et al. 2019

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“…Figure 8 shows the laser micrographs of sample surfaces after SaOS-2 cells treatment. The positive control Si 3 N 4 (Figure 8a) shows a large amount of bone tissue, consistent with previous observations [23]. Conversely, no bone tissue was formed on the bulk PE sample used as the negative control (Figure 8b).…”

Section: Appl Sci 2020 10 X For Peer Review 7 Of 11supporting

confidence: 90%

Surface Functionalization of Polyethylene by Silicon Nitride Laser Cladding

et al. 2020

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Functional coatings are commonly applied to biomaterials in order to improve their properties. In this work, polyethylene was coated with a silicon nitride (Si3N4) powder using a pulsed laser source in a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Several analytical techniques were used to characterize the functionalized surface of the polymer, including Raman spectroscopy, laser microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Antibacterial properties were tested in vitro against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The Si3N4 coating sensibly reduced the amount of living bacteria when compared to the uncoated polymer. Osteoconductivity was also tested in vitro using SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells. The presence of Si3N4 coating resulted in an increased amount of hydroxyapatite. Coating of polyethylene with silicon nitride may lead to improved performance of indwelling orthopaedic or less invasive medical devices.

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“…Although ceramic materials are considered to be bioinert [4,5], they can in fact stimulate or suppress osteoblastic activity [6,7]. For example, silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramic implants are known to accelerate bone repair because of the surface chemistry of the material [8][9][10][11]. The release of silicic acid and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) on Si 3 N 4 surfaces enhances osteogenic activity in osteosarcoma and mesenchymal cells [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteogenic Enhancement of Zirconia-Toughened Alumina with Silicon Nitride and Bioglass®

et al. 2019

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Alumina (Al2O3) ceramic implants do not stimulate osteoblasts in vivo. Surface alterations targeted at changing the chemistry or topography have been proposed to enhance the bioactivity of alumina. This surface modification is intended to improve oxide bioceramic’s ability to integrate with the biological environment and, in particular, to rapidly osteointegrate. In this study, the surface of zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) was functionalized using two methods: (i) Surface laser-patterning and successive filling of patterned wells with powder mixtures of bioglass and Si3N4; and, (ii) Si3N4 coating by pulse-laser sintering. Functionalized ZTA surfaces were characterized with vibrational spectroscopy, biological testing, and laser microscopy. Both enhancements resulted in osteoblast activation, a property that is relevant to osteosynthesis.

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Silicon nitride surface chemistry: A potent regulator of mesenchymal progenitor cell activity in bone formation

Cited by 60 publications

References 72 publications

Silicon nitride enhances osteoprogenitor cell growth and differentiation via increased surface energy and formation of amide and nanocrystalline HA for craniofacial reconstruction

Silicon nitride enhances osteoprogenitor cell growth and differentiation via increased surface energy and formation of amide and nanocrystalline HA for craniofacial reconstruction

Surface Functionalization of Polyethylene by Silicon Nitride Laser Cladding

Osteogenic Enhancement of Zirconia-Toughened Alumina with Silicon Nitride and Bioglass®

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