Silicon solar cells with interfacial passivation of the highly phosphorus-doped emitter surface by oxygen ion implantation

Oxygen Management to Avoid Photo-Inactive Cd(S,Se) for Efficient Cd(Se,Te) Solar Cells

“…The construction of the Cd­(O,S,Se,Te) gradient region via intermixing of multiple layers (Figure S1a) is achieved through appropriate oxygen management. Oxygen management has been demonstrated to be a facile and crucial strategy to improve traditional solar cell performance, such as converting the surface dead layer into an insulating layer for defect passivation in crystalline silicon solar cells and regulating the intermixing at the CdS/Cu­(In,Ga)­Se 2 interface to form a buried p–n homojunction . The incorporation of oxygen in Sb 2 Se 3 solar cells, an emerging new 1D photovoltaic material with benign grain boundaries demonstrated by Tang’s group, , was shown to reduce defect states at the CdS/Sb 2 Se 3 interface and significantly improve the device performance …”