Silicon Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Can Stimulate Plant Growth and the Photosynthetic Pigments on Lettuce Crop

Abstract

Our knowledge of the bioactivity of silicon titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiSiO4 NPs) in crops is scarce, contrarily to TiO2NPs and SiO2NPs that are used in many industrial sectors, and have emerged in nanoagriculture (e.g., as pesticides or nanofertilisers). To evaluate the potential of using TiSiO4 NPs in nanoagriculture, it is necessary to characterize their potential benefits on crops and the safety doses. Here, we report for the first time the bioactivity of TiSiO4 NPs (up to 100 mg/L) in the model crop lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) exposed for three weeks (from seeds/seedlings to pre-harvesting phase). The doses applied did not compromise the germination rate, and highly stimulated plant fresh matter. TiSiO4 NPs had beneficial effects on photochemical processes by increasing chlorophyll levels. Effects on photosynthesis are less evident but TiSiO4 NPs (100 mg/L) stimulated the photosynthetic potential, increasing Fv/Fm and ETR when compared to the 50 mg/L conditions. TiSiO4 NPs did not influence the net photosynthetic rate and other Calvin-cycle variables. Soluble sugars and starch levels were overall maintained. In general, this first report on TiSiO4 NPs bioactivity suggests that they did not have a toxic effect, and may be used to potentiate crops’ growth. Principal component analysis (PCA) also shows that despite effects on photosynthetic performance is minimal regarding the control, the 50 and 100 mg/L doses strongly differ, with the lower dose promoting mostly pigment accumulation, while the higher dose slightly stimulates Photosystem II efficiency including the electron transport rate and other gas exchange parameters.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silica, Silver-Silica, and Zinc Oxide-Silica Nanoparticles for Evaluation of Blood Biochemistry, Oxidative Stress, and Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats

“…However, induction of oxidative stress due to the formation of free radicals is the key process by which various natural and synthetic materials induce deleterious effects in tissues. Among different NPs, SiO 2 NPs are widely used in biomedical applications including labeling, biosensors, medical diagnosis, in vivo imaging, degradation of toxicants, and delivery of drugs and antibodies. − Apart from the reported toxicity of C-SiO 2 , its coating and mixing are frequently done to enhance the stabilization of NPs. This is usually done for chemical inertness enhancement, avoidance of agglomeration, temperature resistance, high biocompatibility, and resistance to decomposition .…”

Green Synthesis of SiO 2 NPs Promote Vigna radiata L Germination, Membrane Damage, Antioxidant enzymes and Physiological activities

“…Studies revealed that, nanoparticles enter plant's metabolic pathway and help with disease resistance, better growth, and high yield [23,24]. Silicon (Si) has numerous constructive impacts on plants growth, growing under various types of stresses [25]. Si signi cantly improves resistance ability of plants against several stresses like drought[26], nutrient imbalances, higher radiation, metal toxicity and higher salinity [27,28].…”

Low Doses of Anatase and Rutile Nanoparticles Differently Modulate Photosynthesis and Regulatory Genes: A Contribution to the Nanoagroindustry

“…Nanoagriculture is opening a new era in the agro-food industry by playing an emergent role in improving crop production, providing highly efficient and sustainable nanopesticides, nanofertilizers, and nanosensors [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Several metal-based nanoparticles (NPs), particularly silver (Ag), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), and zinc (Zn) NPs, are increasingly being used to promote crop germination and plant growth, to improve stress Agriculture 2022, 12,190 2 of 14 tolerance, or in the amendment of agricultural soils [1,7,8].…”