Silurian (Wenlock) brachiopods from the southern Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories

Lenz, Alfred C.

doi:10.1139/e89-103

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…; Jin et al . ) and later rocks of Wenlock age in the Northwest territories of Canada (Lenz ), respectively. Moreover, some genera have their earliest known species recorded from South China, such as Striispirifer within the eospiriferids, which occurs in the Lower Aeronian, but were later widespread, as did the athyridide Nucleospira , which had its earliest known appearance in the Upper Aeronian of South China.…”

Section: Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Meifodia first appeared in Avalonia in the Early Rhuddanian and migrated to South China in the Late Rhuddanian and Early Aeronian; however, Eospirifer did the reverse, first appearing in South China in the Late Katian and migrating firstly to Qaidam and Tuva and then on to ABL in the Later Aeronian. The pentameroid Sulcupentamerus and the atrypoid Atrypinopsis, which were considered endemic genera to South China, have been recorded from the Aeronian of northern Greenland (Harper et al 2007;Jin et al 2009) and later rocks of Wenlock age in the Northwest territories of Canada (Lenz 1989), respectively. Moreover, some genera have their earliest known species recorded from South China, such as Striispirifer within the eospiriferids, which occurs in the Lower Aeronian, but were later widespread, as did the athyridide Nucleospira, which had its earliest known appearance in the Upper Aeronian of South China.…”

Section: Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global diversity and endemism in Early Silurian (Aeronian) brachiopods

Jiayu

Cocks

2014

LET

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Silurian brachiopods of Middle Llandovery (Aeronian) ages are reviewed, and 215 genera are identified here, compared with 109 in the preceding Early Llandovery (Rhuddanian), indicating a recovery‐radiation interval after the end‐Ordovician mass extinction. The chief regions in which they are found are the continents of South China, Avalonia‐Baltica, Laurentia and Siberia, which were all at tropical latitudes with the exception of Avalonia. In addition, the very large superterrane of Gondwana, although with patchy brachiopod distribution, included temperate faunas, as well as subtropical faunas (in Iran and Afghanistan). Aeronian brachiopods greatly increased in diversity, with dominance of four major groups: orthides and strophomenides (which had flourished previously in the Rhuddanian), pentamerides and atrypides (which became dominant in the Aeronian), and many newly evolved taxa, and occupied deeper water and wider ecological niches (level bottom and reef) than those in the Rhuddanian. Each of the continents has some endemic genera, but there is a greater proportion of them in South China, where some groups (such as the pentamerides and atrypides) are more diverse and others, such as the orthides, are much less common than elsewhere. Affinity indices (AI) show that two megaunits can be recognized: South China and Avalonia‐Baltica‐Laurentia (ABL); Siberia seems to have been loosely connected with ABL and even more loosely to South China presumably because of its geographical separation in the Northern Hemisphere. The separation of South China from the other megaunits is further supported by cluster analysis.

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Section: Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global diversity and endemism in Early Silurian (Aeronian) brachiopods

Jiayu

Cocks

2014

LET

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“…(2005) because of their distinct morphological characteristics in the superfamily Stricklandioidea. The family Kulumbellidae includes three genera: Kulumbella Nikiforova, 1960; Rugolepyros Lenz, 1989, and Sinokulumbella Rong et al ., 2005.…”

Section: Systematic Palaeontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Ordovician and early Silurian virgianid and stricklandioid brachiopods from North Greenland: implications for a warm‐water faunal province

Jin,

Rasmussen,

Sheehan

et al. 2024

Papers in Palaeontology

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An unusually rich and diverse suite of virgianid brachiopods, hitherto poorly known, is systematically described here for the first time from the Ordovician–Silurian boundary interval (late Katian – Aeronian) of North Greenland. The Late Ordovician virgianids comprise typical taxa of the warm‐water Tcherskidium fauna (e.g. Tcherskidium tenuicostatum, Proconchidium schleyi, Holorhynchus giganteus and Deloprosopus dawesi sp. nov.). Among the early Silurian taxa, Virgiana hursti sp. nov. occurs as abundant shell beds, similar to other congeneric species in Laurentia, but has somewhat larger internal skeletal structures, albeit not as extravagantly developed as in the late Katian virgianids; Borealoides balderi gen. et sp. nov. shows extreme thickening of the shell wall and internal structures, approaching the extravagant calcification of Katian virgianids. The highly distinctive mid‐Aeronian stricklandioid brachiopod genus, Kulumbella, characterized by a shell with criss‐cross (divaricate) ribbing, also occurs in North Greenland, represented by K. heimdali sp. nov., which has the largest and most strongly biconvex shells for the genus. Palaeogeographically, the Late Ordovician virgianid fauna of Laurentia was highly distinct, confined to the low–mid tropical latitudes north of the palaeoequator. In comparison, the early Silurian (Rhuddanian) Virgiana and some related taxa in Laurentia spanned the tropics of both hemispheres, forming extensive shell beds in carbonate basins, although Borealis and Borealoides gen. nov. remained confined largely to the northern hemisphere, suggesting a certain level of provincialism extending into the earliest Silurian. A palaeoecological preference for warm‐water carbonate settings would explain the unusual abundance and richness of the virgianid faunas in North Greenland.

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“…In this paper, a preliminary attempt is made to recognize various types of spondylia and cardinalia, which can be used to refine the classification of the stricklandioids. For example, the three genera, Kulumbella, Sinokulumbella, and Rugolepyros Lenz, 1989, can be united into a group because their spondylium has a subsemicircular bowl-or dish-shaped cross section. Both the ku lumbellids and the aenigmastrophiids contain stricklandioids with aberrant features, such as resupinate or strophic shells and reduced or degenerated cardinalia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%