Silver-Functionalized Bacterial Cellulose as Antibacterial Membrane for Wound-Healing Applications

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) functionalized with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is evaluated as an antimicrobial membrane for wound-healing treatment. A facile green synthesis of silver nanoparticles inside the porous three-dimensional weblike BC network has been obtained by UV light irradiation. AgNPs were photochemically deposited onto the BC gel network as well as they were chemically bonded to the cellulose fiber surfaces. AgNPs with a narrow size distribution along with some aggregates in the BC network were evidenced from the morphological analyses. A highly crystalline nature of the BC membranes was observed in X-ray diffraction measurements, and the presence of metallic silver confirmed the photochemical reduction of Ag+ → Ag0 in Ag/BC composites. Antibacterial activity of the hybrid composites, such as pellicles, performed against the Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) by disk diffusion and growth dynamics methods showed high bacteria-killing performance. No significant amount of silver release was observed from the Ag/BC pellicles even after a long soaking time. As composite pellicles are preserved in a moist environment that also favors wound recovery, by combining all of these properties the material could be useful in wound-healing treatments.

Cellulose‐Based Substrate for SERS‐Promoted Histamine Picomolar Detection in Beverages

“…The pattern was recorded on Ag/BC pellicle film dried at room temperature. The details about the crystalline behavior of the pristine BC was described in a previous article . In Ag/BC sample, some additional diffraction peaks appeared at 2θ degrees of 38, 44.1, 64.3, and 77.1, which are indexed as the (111), (200), (220), and (311) reflection planes of the crystalline face‐centered cubic (fcc) metallic silver (JCPDS #76‐1393), respectively that confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles in the Ag/BC nanocomposite film.…”

“…The amount of residual silver was found to be about 23.19 wt%. The 5% residual amount found in the case of BC sample at 600 °C could be mainly attributed to the presence of Ca, which might arise from the precursors used during pristine bacterial cellulose synthesis …”

“…Initial weight loss at 100–120 °C of both the samples are associated with the water evaporation from the samples. In the next stage the weight loss occurred at around 350–400 °C that is due to the decomposition of the cellulose matrix ,. The amount of residual silver was found to be about 23.19 wt%.…”

“…In Ag/BC sample, some additional diffraction peaks appeared at 2θ degrees of 38, 44.1, 64.3, and 77.1, which are indexed as the (111), (200), (220), and (311) reflection planes of the crystalline face‐centered cubic (fcc) metallic silver (JCPDS #76‐1393), respectively that confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles in the Ag/BC nanocomposite film. The average crystalline size of the silver nanoparticles were calculated by using the Scherrer formula (accounting the strongest diffraction peak corresponding to the <111> reflection plane), that was found to be about 25 nm. It is to be noted that the absence of any diffraction peaks related to either AgNO 3 or silver oxides (Ag 2 O, AgO) confirms the complete reduction of Ag + ions to silver nanoparticles.…”

Silver nanoparticles as an effective disinfectant: A review

“…A greater porosity of the cellulose is due to the nano-fibrous network which enhances water retention ability. The zone of inhibition of silver/bacterial cellulose is observed at 6.5 mm as compared to reference bacterial cellulose is 10 mm, shows efficient antimicrobial substrate against E. coli bacteria for wound healing treatment [54]. To understand antibacterial action of silver ion on infected wounds in the presence of organic materials or inorganic ions like chloride, sulphate and phosphate ions have major impact on wound healing process.…”