Silver‐Laden Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for an Efficient In Vivo Antimicrobial Application

Abstract

Nanobactericides represent one of the most efficient and promising strategies for eliminating bacterial infection considering the increasing resistance threats of conventional antibiotics. Black phosphorus (BP) is the most exciting postgraphene layered 2D nanomaterial with convincing physiochemical properties, yet the study of BP‐based antibiotics is still in its infancy. Here, a compact silver nanoparticle (AgNP)–doped black phosphorus nanosheet (BPN) is constructed to synergistically enhance solar disinfection through the promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) photogeneration, which is attributed to the improved electron–hole separation and recombination of BPNs as revealed from the systematic experimental studies. An in‐depth density functional theory (DFT) calculation confirms that the integrated AgNPs provide a preferred site for facilitating the adsorption and activation of O2, thus promoting the more efficient and robust ROS generation on BPN–AgNP nanohybrids. Besides the enhanced photoinduced ROS, the anchored AgNPs simultaneously lead to a dramatically increased affinity toward bacteria, which facilitates a synergetic pathogen inactivation. Significantly, the convincing antimicrobial BPN–AgNP contributes to the prominent wound healing and antimicrobial ability in vivo with minimized biological burden. This sophisticated design of new 2D nanohybrids opens a new avenue for further exploiting BP‐based nanohybrids in portable bandage and broad‐spectrum disinfection applications.

Antibacterial Activity of Graphdiyne and Graphdiyne Oxide

“…We adopted the isopropanol, 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPO), l ‐histidine, and catalase to quench the •OH, •O 2 − , 1 O 2 , and H 2 O 2 , respectively. [ 29 ] The antibacterial ratio decreased 3–29% for GDY and 2–4% for GDYO with the introduction of ROS scavengers (Figure 5b), inferring that the active species were not the dominating antibacterial factors.…”

A NIR‐light‐driven Black Phosphorus Based Nanocomposite for Combating Bacteria

“…Next, the excited electrons are transferred from CB of BP to the d‐band level of Ag NPs through the formed Schottky heterojunction. The electron accumulated on the d‐band level of Ag NPs as well as the ones in their surface plasmon resonance generates ROS through activation of molecular oxygen, which is deemed to be the main source of antibacterial efficiency ( vide infra ) [40] …”

The age of bioinspired molybdenum‐involved nanozymes: Synthesis, catalytic mechanisms, and biomedical applications

“…Besides the most widely accepted treatment paradigm using antibiotics, nanozymes have been used as powerful antibacterial agents. Recently, 2D materials such as graphene, 126,127 TMDCs, 128 black phosphorus, 129 layered double hydroxides, 130 and transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) 131 have been intensively explored for antimicrobial applications on account of their superior physiochemical properties. 132 For example, the reduction of layers of 2D nanomaterials can enhance their antimicrobial activity.…”