Silver nanoparticle formation by femtosecond laser induced reduction of ammonia-containing AgNO<sub>3</sub> solution

Herbani, Yuliati; Nakamura, Takahiro; Sato, Shunichi

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/817/1/012048

Cited by 12 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The dense plasma formed at the laser focus in solution generates a high concentration of reactive species such as hydrated electrons and hydrogen radicals [26], which can reduce metal salts to form isolated metal atoms that coalesce into NPs. Laser-mediated photochemical reduction has been widely used to synthesize Au [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], Ag [36][37][38], and multiple types of metal alloy [39][40][41][42] NPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like PLAL, laser photochemical reduction can produce sub-5 nm Au NPs at room temperature in aqueous solution without added surfactants or stabilizers [30,31]. Laser photochemical reduction is typically performed using laser pulses of picosecond [27][28][29][30] or femtosecond [31][32][33][34][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] duration, although optical breakdown of water during micrometer-scale nanosecond UV laser irradiation has been identified [44], and Au NP synthesis with ns pulses at 532 nm was recently reported [43]. Femtosecond laser pulses form plasma primarily through photoionization instead of cascade ionization, which enables precise control over the plasma electron density by varying the laser peak intensity [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

John

Tibbetts²

2019

Applied Surface Science

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We report the synthesis of silica-gold nanoparticles (silica-Au NPs) using a one-step femtosecond-reactive laser ablation in liquid (fs-RLAL) technique by focusing femtosecond laser pulses onto a silicon wafer immersed in an aqueous KAuCl 4 solution. Characterization of the silica-Au NPs revealed two populations of Au NPs: (i) larger, isolated Au NPs with diameter 7.0±2.0 nm, and (ii) smaller Au NPs (1.9±0.7 nm) stabilized by an amorphous silica matrix, along with new species of silicon observed from XPS analysis. The silica-Au NPs were catalytically active towards the model reaction of para-nitrophenol reduction by NaBH 4. The formation of the two populations of silica-Au NPs is ascribed to reaction dynamics occurring on two distinct timescales. First, the dense electron plasma formed within tens of femtoseconds of the laser pulse initiates reduction of the [AuCl 4 ]complex, leading to the formation of larger isolated Au NPs. Second, silicon species ejected from the wafer surface hundreds of picoseconds or later after the initial laser pulse reduce the remaining [AuCl 4 ]and encapsulate the growing clusters, forming ultrasmall Au NPs stabilized by the silica matrix. The morphologies of the silica-Au NPs generated from fs-RLAL are distinct from those reported in recent RLAL experiments with nanosecond lasers, reflecting distinct mechanisms occurring on the different pulse duration timescales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

John

Tibbetts²

2019

Applied Surface Science

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“…These reactions enable the photochemical reduction of metal ions in solution, making metal NPs without chemical reducing agents [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. In particular, high concentrations of both immediately formed free electrons (10 20 to 10 22 cm −1 ) [ 12 ] and subsequently formed hydrated electrons (up to 0.1 M) [ 17 ] in OB plasmas enable efficient metal ion reduction, even in air-saturated solutions, where O 2 acts as a scavenger [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, H 2 O 2 formation hinders the application of this technique to other metals, because H 2 O 2 is a strong oxidant. For instance, Ag 0 back-oxidizes to Ag + in the presence of H 2 O 2 [ 6 , 31 , 32 ], inhibiting silver nanoparticle (AgNP) formation by Ag + photochemical reduction in an OB plasma [ 20 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical Chemistry in a Femtosecond Laser Plasma: Photochemical Reduction of Ag+ in Liquid Ammonia Solution

et al. 2018

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Plasmas with dense concentrations of reactive species such as hydrated electrons and hydroxyl radicals are generated from focusing intense femtosecond laser pulses into aqueous media. These radical species can reduce metal ions such as Au3+ to form metal nanoparticles (NPs). However, the formation of H2O2 by the recombination of hydroxyl radicals inhibits the reduction of Ag+ through back-oxidation. This work has explored the control of hydroxyl radical chemistry in a femtosecond laser-generated plasma through the addition of liquid ammonia. The irradiation of liquid ammonia solutions resulted in a reaction between NH3 and OH·, forming peroxynitrite and ONOO−, and significantly reducing the amount of H2O2 generated. Varying the liquid ammonia concentration controlled the Ag+ reduction rate, forming 12.7 ± 4.9 nm silver nanoparticles at the optimal ammonia concentration. The photochemical mechanisms underlying peroxynitrite formation and Ag+ reduction are discussed.

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“…The hydrated-electron scavenger N 2 O, and hydroxyl radical scavengers 2-propanol and ammonia, were originally studied in water radiolysis using X-rays and γ rays [74]. More recently, they have been used to control the photochemical synthesis of Au and Ag nanoparticles in femtosecond-laser plasmas [21,26,73,75]. The addition of N 2 O to aqueous AuCl 4 ½ À is expected to limit the availability of hydrated electrons and slow the AuCl 4 ½ À reduction rate, forming fewer Au(0) nuclei in solution.…”

Section: Scavengersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Au Nanoparticle Synthesis Via Femtosecond Laser-Induced Photochemical Reduction of [AuCl4]−

John¹,

Meader²,

MooreTibbetts³

2018

Photochemistry and Photophysics - Fundamentals to Applications

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Laser-assisted metallic nanoparticle synthesis is a versatile "green" method that has become a topic of active research. This chapter discusses the photochemical reaction mechanisms driving AuCl 4 ½ À reduction using femtosecond-laser irradiation, and reviews recent advances in Au nanoparticle size-control. We begin by describing the physical processes underlying the interactions between laser pulses and the condensed media, including optical breakdown and supercontinuum emission. These processes produce a highly reactive plasma containing free electrons, which reduce AuCl 4 ½ À , and radical species producing H 2 O 2 that cause autocatalytic growth of Au nanoparticles. Then, we discuss the reduction kinetics of AuCl 4 ½ À , which follow an autocatalytic rate law in which the first-and second-order rate constants depend on free electrons and H 2 O 2 availability. Finally, we explain strategies to control the size of gold nanoparticles as they are synthesized; including modifications of laser parameters and solution compositions.

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Silver nanoparticle formation by femtosecond laser induced reduction of ammonia-containing AgNO₃ solution

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

Radical Chemistry in a Femtosecond Laser Plasma: Photochemical Reduction of Ag+ in Liquid Ammonia Solution

Au Nanoparticle Synthesis Via Femtosecond Laser-Induced Photochemical Reduction of [AuCl4]−

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Silver nanoparticle formation by femtosecond laser induced reduction of ammonia-containing AgNO3 solution

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

Radical Chemistry in a Femtosecond Laser Plasma: Photochemical Reduction of Ag+ in Liquid Ammonia Solution

Au Nanoparticle Synthesis Via Femtosecond Laser-Induced Photochemical Reduction of [AuCl4]−

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Silver nanoparticle formation by femtosecond laser induced reduction of ammonia-containing AgNO₃ solution

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica

One-step femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of sub-3 nm gold nanoparticles stabilized by silica