Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and biomedical applications

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field due to its unique functionality and a wide range of applications. Nanomedicine explores the possibilities of applying the knowledge and tools of nanotechnology for the prevention, treatment, diagnosis and control of disease. In this regard, silver nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nm are considered most important due to their unique properties, ability to form diverse nanostructures, their extraordinary range of bactericidal and anticancer properties, wound healing and other therapeutic abilities and their cost-effectiveness in production. The current paper reviews various types of physical, chemical and biological methods used in the production of silver nanoparticles. It also describes approaches employing silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents, as antitumour agents, in dentistry and dental implants, as promoters of bone healing, in cardiovascular implants and as promoters of wound healing. The paper also explores the mechanism of action, synthesis methods and morphological characterisation of silver nanoparticles to examine their role in medical treatments and disease management.

Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from Bauhinia tomentosa Linn

“…We biosynthesized AgNPs using the natural extract of B. tomentosa Linn. We then applied various biophysical and biochemical methods to characterize the potential biomedical applications of the AgNPs [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 86 ] and validated their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties [ 87 , 88 ]. We also evaluated a possible mechanism of action via molecular docking analysis.…”

“…Nanoparticles are structures with dimensions ranging from approximately 1 to 100 nm that exhibit significantly different physical (mechanical, optical, electrical) and chemical properties when compared with their larger counterparts [ 6 , 7 ]. Over the past 10 to 20 years, metal nanoparticles, and AgNPs in particular, have attracted attention due to their versatility and broad range of industrial and biomedical applications [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Potential uses include antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral) agents [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], biomedical device coatings, drug-delivery carriers, and imaging probes for diagnostic and optoelectronic applications [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Biomedical Application of Silver Nanoparticles

“…Currently, AgNPs play roles primarily in non-conventional and enhanced biomedical applications such as wound dressing, drug delivery, tissue scaffoldings and proactive coating applications. In this regard, the AgNPs are considered to possess intrinsic features such as attractive chemical and physical functionality, non-toxic nature, wide spectrum of bactericidal properties, anticancer properties, and therapeutic abilities [15]. Hence, the applicability of AgNPs have increased in nanotechnology, biomedicine, and environment, thus there is a need for development of cost-effective method for the biosynthesized AgNPs [16].…”

Anti-Diabetic Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized From The Hydroethanolic Extract of Myristica Fragrans Seeds

“…Several studies have demonstrated the enormous potential of nanotechnologies in biomedicine for the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of human diseases [1] . Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are crucially signi cant in nanomedicine because of their appealing physicochemical properties, high antimicrobial capability and low toxicity, speci c capacity to establish versatile nanostructures, and low manufacturing costs [2] . Compared to other metal nanoparticles such as gold, zinc and copper, silver nanoparticles are far less toxic to mammalian cells.…”