Silver nanostructures via cementation on copper: a comparison between experimental data and statistical design model

Abstract

aSilver nanostructures have been precipitated successfully from acidic solutions of silver ions via cementation on copper sheets. The experimental parameters that have been studied are time, temperature of reaction, pH and initial silver ion concentration. XRD analysis showed that precipitated silver particles werecomposed mainly of metallic silver. No other phases such as silver oxide, sulfide or sulfate could be detected. SEM investigations confirmed that silver nanostructures were deposited mainly in the form of nanoparticles, dendrites or nanorods as the parameters varied. The average silver nanoparticle size that could be obtained by optimizing the experimental conditions of cementation process was about 60 nm. This value was in agreement with that obtained from application of factorial design under the same conditions.

Understanding the Seed-Mediated Growth of Gold Nanorods through a Fractional Factorial Design of Experiments

“…Although this statistical method of experimentation and analysis was developed in the 1920s and brought into the chemical sciences after World War II, a search of the literature finds few examples of factorial experimental design that involves nanoparticles. This method has been applied in optimizing analytical methods involving nanoparticles − and in preparing pharmaceutical nanoparticle therapies, − nanoparticle composites, , and nanoparticles of various compositions. − Changing one factor at a time while the remaining factors are held constant, the one-factor-at-a-time method of experimentation, is standard practice in chemistry. However, the one-factor-at-a-time experimental design provides only an estimate of an effect for a single factor at selected and fixed levels for all other factors.…”

Enhancing the anti-ageing, antimicrobial activity and mechanical properties of surface-coated paper by Ag@TiO2-modified nanopigments

“…Therefore, applying a simple and facile chemical route can be a promising alternative for nanoparticle synthesis. In this regard, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol and some others have been successfully used as capping, stabilizing and reducing agents for nanoparticle synthesis (Ahmed et al 2010 ; Geioushy et al 2021 ).…”

Separation of Ag(I) by Ion Exchange and Cementation from a Raffinate Containing Ag(I), Ni(II) and Zn(II) and Traces of Cu(II) and Sn(II)

“…For this purpose, the copper sheet was employed for the cementation of silver(I) from the synthetic solution with 5 M HCl. The cementation reaction can be described as Equation (8) and parts of copper might react with CuCl 4 2− as represented in Equation (9) [27]. A series of cementation experiments was performed to obtain an optimum condition for silver recovery.…”

“…Cementation makes utilization of the difference in the reduction potential among the ions in the solution and can be represented as Equation (1). Since cementation has some advantages such as easy control, low energy consumption and low cost, it is widely employed for metal separation as well as metal production [4]. In our work on the recovery of noble metals present in the anode slimes from the electro-refining of tin, the components in the anode slimes were dissolved in hydrochloric acid solution in the resins were employed for the ion exchange experiments and the ion exchange behavior was investigated by varying the concentration of the resins.…”