Silver-stained structures in mammalian meiotic prophase

Pathak, Sen; Hsü, T. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00288406

Cited by 82 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The ultrastructural changes in chromatin condensation and in the morphology of the XY bivalent during pachytene are very similar to those observed by SOLARI (36, 37) from sectioned material or from spread nuclei (6,7,8,12,26,32). POORMAN et al (28) distinguish five substages of pachytene partly based on the extent ofsynapsis of the X and Y chromosomes and the morphology of the XY body.…”

Section: Substages Of Pachytenesupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, in spite of a number of detailed investigations of the ultrastructure of meiosis (6,7,8,12,25,26), in particular the behavior of the X and Y chromosomes (36,37,38), and the pairing behavior of rearranged chromosomes (24,28,29), very little is known about the recombination nodules. The analysis described below was therefore initiated with the specific aim of investigating the pachytene stage of meiosis in mouse spermatocytes in order to determine the structural, numerical and distributional changes of recombination nodules as well as to estimate the total number and distribution of crossovers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crossing over in the male mouse as analysed by recombination nodules and bars

Glamann

1986

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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The present study of 26 serially sectioned mouse spermatocyte nuclei has permitted the following observations and conclusions: l) The pachytene stage can be subdivided into an early, a mid, and a late substage. 2) A morphological change of the early spheric recombination nodule to an elongated bar is observed.3) The number of recombination structures per nucleusdecreases from a mean of 31 nodules and 2 bars at early pachytene to a mean of 8 nodules and 6 bars at mid pachytene. The number of nodules and bars remains virtually constant at late pachytene and early diplotene. 4) The number of bivalents with one and two nodules is higher than would be expected if the nodules were distributed at random. 5) Along the bivalents the frequency of nodules and bars exhibits a characteristic pattern of troughs and peaks. 6) The presence of a nodule/bar distally in the synaptonemal complex segment combining the X and the Y chromosomes strongly indicates the existence of an obligatory crossover between the terminal parts of the long arm of the X and Y chromosomes.

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Section: Substages Of Pachytenesupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossing over in the male mouse as analysed by recombination nodules and bars

Glamann

1986

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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“…Cytogenetic preparations of the pachytene spermatocytes were also made in three male hamsters according to MEREDITH's method (1969). These slides were stained with silver-nitrate as described above for the SCs except the incubation time was extended to 48 hrs PATHAK and Hsu 1979). A total of 85 spermatocytes at the pachytene stage was observed for determining the XY conformation within the sex vesicle by this method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The light microscopic cytogenetic preparations utilizing the silver staining method of Hsu (1979) and were analyzed with the SC findings on the XY bivalent in mind. We delineated all XY conjugations into the four patterns shown in Figs.…”

Section: Synaptonemal Complex Karyotype Of Pachytene Spermatocytes (Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptonemal complex karyotype of the pachytene spermatocytes and oocytes of the Turkish hamster (Mesocricetus brandti)

Sung

Jagiello

1992

Caryologia

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“…Recently, it has become possible to observe wholemounted SCs under a light microscope by the use of a silver-staining method. Although this method was initially improved for the benefit of the visualization of nucleolar organizer regions in mammalian chromosomes (3, 11), it has been advantageously applied to the cytogenetic analysis of the synapsis of homologous chromosomes in mammalian spermatocytes (5,6,8,9,22,23).…”

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confidence: 99%

Silver staining of lily microsporocytes during meiotic prophase.

Ohyama

Ito

1987

Cell Struct. Funct.

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ABSTRACT. Nuclei of lily microsporocytes in meiotic prophase were subj ected to two-dimensional spreading and stained with silver nitrate. This method made it possible to observe the behavior of synaptonemal complexes with light microscopy. Axial cores of homologous chromosomes, which had been formed at the leptotene stage, were paired during the zygotene stage, consequently being integrated into the synaptonemal complexes. During the middle zygotene stage, a number of paired segments were observed as heavily stained stretches in the spread nuclei, thus indicating the multiple initiation of pairings along sets of homologous chromosomes. Synapsis and crossing-over between homologous chromosomes take place during the meiotic prophase in eukaryotic organisms. It has been considered that synapsis plays significant roles in recombinational events, because the accurate pairing of homologous chromosomes is prerequisite to the crossing-over. The pairing of homologous chromosomes is maintained by synaptonemal complexes (SCs), which are tripartite structures composed of two lateral elements and a central element (21).Thin-sectioned or microspread preparations of SCs have been extensively studied with the electron microscope, and information about the fine structure and the behavior of SCs during meiotic prophase have been accumulated for various organisms (reviewed in 10, 20, 21, 32). Recently, it has become possible to observe wholemounted SCs under a light microscope by the use of a silver-staining method. Although this method was initially improved for the benefit of the visualization of nucleolar organizer regions in mammalian chromosomes (3, 11), it has been advantageously applied to the cytogenetic analysis of the synapsis of homologous chromosomes in mammalian spermatocytes (5,6,8,9,22,23).The application of this method to plant meiocytes is, however, limited, because most kinds of microsporocytes are enclosed in thick callose walls which make it difficult to spread the nuclei on glass slides for silver staining. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to digest the walls with enzymes. Microsporocytes in solanaceous plants (27), Allium, Secale (1), Rhoeo (28), and some plants including lily (2) have been available for silver-staining method.Microsporocytes of liliaceous plants can be cultured in vitro through the normal meiotic process (29), and it is easy to prepare their protoplasts (16). In particular, lily microsporocytes are preferable materials for cytological and biochemical studies on SCs, not only do the meiotic processes proceed with a high degree of synchrony, but they contain a relative abundance of SCs in their nuclei.

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Silver-stained structures in mammalian meiotic prophase

Cited by 82 publications

References 28 publications

Crossing over in the male mouse as analysed by recombination nodules and bars

Crossing over in the male mouse as analysed by recombination nodules and bars

Synaptonemal complex karyotype of the pachytene spermatocytes and oocytes of the Turkish hamster (Mesocricetus brandti)

Silver staining of lily microsporocytes during meiotic prophase.

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