Silvicultural methods of oak regeneration with special respect to shade tolerant mixed species

Lüpke, Burghard von

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00235-1

Cited by 124 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The same pattern was observed for height increment, which was relatively low compared to traditional regeneration methods. However, the values are equivalent with those given by authors who worked in similar light climates [25,38,39]. In contrast to other findings, we recorded a minor decrease in height increment below 10% light.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Although light components were not directly included in the regression models for Q. robur density and cover on the wet sites, their importance was clear through facilitating growth of competing herbs, especially in Krakovo. The positive relationship found between dominant height of Q. robur and light components was expected and proven in other studies [25,39]. The same pattern was observed for height increment, which was relatively low compared to traditional regeneration methods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The poor relationship between tree architecture and light components and more than half of seedlings with straight growth could be a result of young (4 years), short seedlings (mean ± SE = 42.3 ± 1.7 cm) and shade tolerance in early growth [22,25,39]. Thus, the main causes for growth irregularities in our study are probably linked with other factors, such as competition and fauna.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Also, it makes it difficult to take advantage of individual trees with exceptional quality. Finally, it is becoming increasingly costly due to the required site preparation, protection against rodents, and control of understory vegetation [25,39]. It is also very likely that regeneration under the traditional system significantly deviates from regeneration under the natural disturbance regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of Quercus robur L. seedlings to north-south asymmetry of light within gaps in floodplain forests of Slovenia

Diaci

Gyoerek²,

Janez³

et al. 2008

Ann. For. Sci.

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-To examine Quercus robur establishment and growth in low to intermediate light levels, we analysed regeneration in different microsites created by light asymmetry within gaps in two main floodplain forest regions of Slovenia: Dolinsko and Krakovo. Four years after a mast year in 1995, we installed systematic grids of 1×1 m plots in 11 gaps (0.03-0.40 ha) on wet and dry site variants. In 256 plots, seedling species, cover, density, height, height increment, browsing damage, tree architecture, understory vegetation species and cover, and direct and diffuse light were measured. The average seedling density in all gaps was 15/m 2 , but the highest densities were found in gap positions with low diffuse light levels (10-20%). Competing understory vegetation was more abundant in positions with high diffuse light. In gaps on dry site variants a combination of low diffuse and high direct light was favourable for regeneration. The results indicated that Q. robur can successfully establish in gaps. Here, both light components were sources of within gap resource heterogeneity, therefore knowledge of light asymmetry can improve regeneration success. Quercus robur / Carpinus betulus / natural regeneration / canopy gaps / north-south asymmetry of light in gapsRésumé -Réponse des semis de Quercus robur L. à l'asymétrie de lumière Nord-Sud dans les trouées des forêts inondables en Slovénie. Pour examiner l'installation et la croissance de Quercus robur, sous des niveaux d'éclairement faibles à moyens, nous avons analysé la régénération dans différents microsites affectés par l'asymétrie da la lumière dans des trouées en forêts inondables en Slovénie : Dolinsko et Krakovo. Quatre années après une forte glandée en 1995, nous avons installé des placettes d'observation suivant une grille de 1×1 m dans 11 trouées (0.03-0.40 ha) de stations sèches et humides. Les paramètres suivants ont été mesurés sur 256 emplacements : l'espèce des semis, l'abondance relative, la densité, la hauteur l'accroissement en hauteur, les dommages d'abroutissement, l'architecture des arbres, les espèces du sous-bois, l'éclairement direct et diffus. La densité moyenne des semis de toutes les trouées était de 15/m 2 , mais les plus fortes densités ont été trouvées dans les trouées aux expositions caractérisées par des faibles niveaux d'éclairement diffus (10-20%). La végétation compétitrice du sous-bois était plus abondante dans les situations à niveau élevé de lumière diffuse. Dans les variantes sèches des trouées, une combinaison de faible niveau de lumière diffuse et de fort éclairement direct était favorable à la régénération. Les résultats indiquent que Quercus robur peut s'installer avec succès dans les trouées. Ici, les deux composantes de l'éclairement ont été sources d'hétérogénéité dans les ressources des trouées, par conséquent la connaissance de l'asymétrie de l'éclairement peut améliorer le succès de la régénération.Quercus robur / Carpinus betulus / régénération naturelle / trouées dans la canopée / asymétrie de lumière Nord-Sud dans d...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of Quercus robur L. seedlings to north-south asymmetry of light within gaps in floodplain forests of Slovenia

Diaci

Gyoerek²,

Janez³

et al. 2008

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…In acidic temperate forests, these two species are often encountered in the understorey of Pinus sylvestris, P. pinaster or Quercus petraea and Q. robur stands. The two pines are classified as light-demanding species and the two oaks as medium light-demanding species (Von Lüpke, 1998;Richardson, 2000). As pointed out by Sonohat et al (2004), transmittance below 20% in P. sylvestris adult stands is linked to a basal area above 35 m² ha -1 .…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and morphology of three forest understorey species (Calluna vulgaris, Molinia caerulea and Pteridium aquilinum) according to light availability

Gaudio¹,

Balandier

Dumas³

et al. 2011

Forest Ecology and Management

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Influence of canopy openness, ungulate exclosure, and low‐intensity fire for improved oak regeneration in temperate Europe

Petersson

Dey

Gardiner

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Failed oak regeneration is widely reported in temperate forests and has been linked in part to changed disturbance regimes and land‐use. We investigated if the North American fire–oak hypothesis could be applicable to temperate European oaks (Quercus robur, Quercus petraea) using a replicated field experiment with contrasting canopy openness, protection against ungulate browsing (fencing/no fencing), and low‐intensity surface fire (burn/no burn). Survival, relative height growth (RGRH), browsing damage on naturally regenerated oaks (≤300 cm tall), and changes in competing woody vegetation were monitored over three years. Greater light availability in canopy gaps increased oak RGRH (p = .034) and tended to increase survival (p = .092). There was also a trend that protection from browsing positively affected RGRH (p = .058) and survival (p = .059). Burning reduced survival (p < .001), nonetheless, survival rates were relatively high across treatment combinations at the end of the experiment (54%–92%). Most oaks receiving fire were top‐killed and survived by producing new sprouts; therefore, RGRH in burned plots became strongly negative the first year. Thereafter, RGRH was greater in burned plots (p = .002). Burning altered the patterns of ungulate browsing frequency on oaks. Overall, browsing frequency was greater during winter; however, in recently burned plots summer browsing was prominent. Burning did not change relative density of oaks, but it had a clear effect on competing woody vegetation as it reduced the number of individuals (p < .001) and their heights (p < .001). Our results suggest that young, temperate European oaks may respond similarly to fire as their North American congeners. However, disturbance from a single low‐intensity fire may not be sufficient to ensure a persistent competitive advantage—multiple fires and canopy thinning to increase light availability may be needed. Further research investigating long‐term fire effects on oaks of various ages, species‐specific response of competitors and implications for biodiversity conservation is needed.

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Silvicultural methods of oak regeneration with special respect to shade tolerant mixed species

Cited by 124 publications

References 2 publications

Response of Quercus robur L. seedlings to north-south asymmetry of light within gaps in floodplain forests of Slovenia

Response of Quercus robur L. seedlings to north-south asymmetry of light within gaps in floodplain forests of Slovenia

Growth and morphology of three forest understorey species (Calluna vulgaris, Molinia caerulea and Pteridium aquilinum) according to light availability

Influence of canopy openness, ungulate exclosure, and low‐intensity fire for improved oak regeneration in temperate Europe

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