Similarities and Differences Among the Taiwan, China, and Hong-Kong Versions of the WHOQOL Questionnaire

Abstract

WHOQOL, Chinese versions, Culture,

Different Predictors of Quality of Life in Urban Environment

“…This instrument was translated in several language and applied in many different countries (i.e. Bayram, Bilgel, & Bilgel, 2012;Li, Kay, & Nokkaew, 2009;Lucas-Carrasco, 2012;Yao, Wu, 2009). …”

Ordinal-To-Interval Scale Conversion Tables and National Items for the New Zealand Version of the WHOQOL-BREF

“…The average number of items selected was four, which is one item less than that for the New Zealand national items. The new WHOQOL Taiwan centre has selected 12 items from 20 national items proposed for the WHOQOL-100 [9], which together with the 12 items for the Hong Kong version [10] is by far the most national items selected.…”

“…Similar to the Taiwanese and Hong Kong versions [10], one such item asks about the respect received from other people. Another item ( Feelings of belonging ) that was assigned to the social relationships domain could be a reflection of the influence of collectivism of Māori culture [23] on the dominant individualistic British culture [24].…”

“…Of the 15 original WHOOQL field centres, nine centres (Bangkok, Bath, Beer Sheva, Harare, Madras, New Delhi, St. Petersburg, Tokyo, and Zagreb) selected national items [8]. The subsequently established WHOQOL centres in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan also selected national items [8–10]. One of the 12 national items of the Hong Kong version, for example, was “How satisfied are you with your destiny?” and another one “How is your appetite?” [9].…”

Wellbeing in China

“…Social Indicators Research has also published several psychometric studies, establishing the validity of wellbeing instruments with Mainland Chinese samples (see e.g. Chen 2010; Chen and Davey 2009;Smyth et al 2010;Yao and Wu 2009;Ye et al 2014).…”