Similarities in vegetation development of newly established herbaceous strips along contrasting European field boundaries

Kleijn, David; Joenje, W.; Cœur, Didier Le; Marshall, E. J. P.

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(97)00098-4

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For example, E. repens and C. arvense can be reduced by cutting (Hansson & Fogelfors, 1998) and sowing grasses (Marshall, 1990). The weed-diminishing effects of sowing were also reported in several other studies (West, Marshall, & Arnold, 1997;Kleijn et al, 1998;Lawson, Ford, & Jonathan, 2004;De Cauwer, Reheul, Nijs, & Milbau, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The use of diverse seed mixtures of meadow plant species can increase species diversity in field boundary vegetation (Bokenstrand, Lagerlöf, & Redbo, 2004) and the use of simple grass seed mixtures may result in reduced species diversity (Kleijn, Joenje, Le Coeur, & Marshall, 1998). However, simple grass seed mixtures are economical and easily available to the farmer, compared with diverse mixtures of herbs and grasses, which can contain exotic plant species not adapted to local conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies of buffer zones have mainly focused on the short-term effects of establishment and management on species diversity (Kleijn et al, 1998;De Cauwer et al, 2005), or rarely the long-term effects of using different plant mixtures and annual cutting (Bokenstrand et al, 2004). We explored the effects of various management practices, by grazing or cutting, on the species composition and diversity of plant communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Species Diversity and Composition of Plant Communities in Buffer Zones with Variable Management Regimes

Tarmi¹,

Hyvönen²

2012

SAR

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Field boundaries with permanent vegetation cover are a key habitat for farmland biodiversity. Buffer zones are wide field boundaries established to prevent nutrient leaching and erosion into waterways and serve as habitats for farmland wildlife. Our main hypothesis was that several years of grazing or cutting management results in greater plant species richness and heterogeneity in buffer zones in comparison with sites managed for only a few years. We also hypothesized that litter cover and soil phosphorus (P) level would decrease after several years of management, in comparison sites with relatively few years of management. Through this study we aimed to gain a better understanding of how to increase biodiversity in buffer zones. The study included 15 buffer zones within a single landscape. Mean species richness was significantly higher in the group of sites grazed over several years (21 species) in contrast to extensively cut sites (14.8 species) and/or grazed sites (18 species). Species heterogeneity did not respond to different management regimes. Management, slope aspect and litter were significant explanatory factors for species composition. The amount of soil phosphorus measured at three different depths was significantly lower in the buffer zones managed by cutting or grazing for a few years in contrast to those that were grazed for several years. Management that positively affected species diversity did not result in the expected decrease in soil phosphorus. Therefore, we propose that the greater species richness at grazed sites results mainly from disturbances caused by grazing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Species Diversity and Composition of Plant Communities in Buffer Zones with Variable Management Regimes

Tarmi¹,

Hyvönen²

2012

SAR

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“…According to Hodgson (1989), the succession of naturally revegetated strips is characterised by an initial dominance of annuals and shortlived species, which are with time, typically replaced by perennial non-woody species, and secondly, if no mowing regime is applied by shrubs and trees. After 3 years, species-richness, biomass production and monocotyledon/dicotyledon ratio in grass, grass/ wildflower strips and natural regeneration strips, mown once a year, converged to the level of the pre-existing boundary, and this in three countries; UK, France and The Netherlands (Kleijn et al, 1998;Marshall et al, 1994). Kleijn et al (1997) found within 3-year-old strips mown once a year, that strips sown with a rich grass/wildflower mixture had higher species-richness than strips sown to perennial ryegrass or strips left to revegetate spontaneously because of limited colonisation by species from the pre-existing boundary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the vegetation of mown field margins over their first 3 years

Cauwer

Reheul

D’hooghe

et al. 2005

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Early succession of newly created sown/unsown margin strips on ex-arable land, managed by two cuttings per year with/ without removal of cuttings, was characterised by the replacement of annuals in favour of perennials, a steady increase in the importance of monocotyledons and a decrease in non-nitogen-fixing dicotyledons. Mowing with removal of cuttings delayed this succession pattern.Sorenson's qualitative similarity index revealed that species composition of the sown communities in terms of species occurrence became increasingly similar to the unsown plots. Furthermore, convergence in vegetation composition between sown and unsown plots occurred also in terms of species importance as assessed by Sorenson's quantitative index. Similarity, in species, importance was significantly enhanced by cutting with removal of cuttings.During the first three successional years, species diversity of sown and unsown communities converged in time, irrespective of mowing regime or location. The decrease in species diversity, number and density of sown wildflowers was more pronounced under a mowing regime without removal of cuttings. The annual addition of mown roadside herbage significantly enhanced species-richness, but not the importance of dicotyledons. #

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“…However, only a limited number of papers have been published on the development of invertebrate communities in field margins after initial establishment (more papers have been published on plant succession, e.g., Kleijn et al 1998;Critchley et al 2006;Manhoudt et al 2007;Musters et al 2009). Most of them found in increase with age of the margins (Denys and Tscharntke 2002;Olson and Wäckers 2007;Frank and Reichhart 2004;Woodcock et al 2008;Musters et al 2009), although Woodcock et al (2008) found predatory beetles to peak in the second year after establishment and to decrease in 2 year thereafter.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Invertebrates in field margins: taxonomic group diversity and functional group abundance in relation to age

et al. 2010

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Sown, temporary field margins are a common agri-environment scheme (AES) in the Netherlands. Despite their wide application, though, there has been scarcely any long-term monitoring of the succession of invertebrates. In the field margins of 40 farms, invertebrate diversity and the abundance of three functional groups were assessed in relation to age. The diversity in terms of number of species groups was found to increase with the age of the margins. The abundance of herbivores and detritivores also showed a positive correlation with the age of the margins. However, the abundance of predators decreased with increasing age. Older margins showed a higher total vegetation cover and fewer plant species, also resulting in lower plant species evenness. We suggest several changes to the current AES regulations. For the conservation of invertebrate diversity, longer-lasting field margins are desirable. In addition, old margins are favoured by detritivores, a group that has particular difficulty finding suitable habitats in agricultural landscapes. However, such margins are less favourable from an agricultural perspective, as they appear unsuitable for high abundances of potentially useful predators and the high vegetation cover attracts many potentially harmful herbivores. To circumvent this, the AES might be extended by incorporating hay-making, which would reduce standing biomass and might lead to more predators and fewer herbivores.

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Similarities in vegetation development of newly established herbaceous strips along contrasting European field boundaries

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

Plant Species Diversity and Composition of Plant Communities in Buffer Zones with Variable Management Regimes

Plant Species Diversity and Composition of Plant Communities in Buffer Zones with Variable Management Regimes

Evolution of the vegetation of mown field margins over their first 3 years

Invertebrates in field margins: taxonomic group diversity and functional group abundance in relation to age

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