Similarity Analysis-Based Indoor Localization Algorithm With Backscatter Information of Passive UHF RFID Tags

TrackCC: A Practical Wireless Indoor Localization System Based on Less-Expensive Chips

“…Benchmarks: Both LANDMARC [10] and SAIL [11] have been implemented as the comparison benchmarks, where the numbers of reference tags and readers used in LANDMARC and SAIL are the same as the number of grid center points and reference nodes in the TrackCC prototype system, respectively.…”

“…When a target tag goes into the communication range of readers, the system receives a power level vector between the target and these readers, and uses this vector by matching to calculate the current position of the target. Another ILS, called SAIL [11], utilized the feature that nearby reference nodes have similar signal strengths. By adopting the k -means clustering algorithm, the corresponding cluster of an unknown node was chosen.…”

“…The major contributions of our work are summarized as follows:

Based on a commercial low-cost low-power system-on-chip, nRF24LE1, the proposed system can achieve decimeter-level accuracy for indoor localization and outperform a classical power level based ILS, LANDMARC, and a recently proposed ILS, SAIL. In addition, in the aspect of hardware cost, for a medium or large localization area, unlike SpotFi [3] that needed to deploy multiple access points (APs) with continuous power supplies, and LANDMARC, including its variants VIRE [12] and SAIL[11], which needed to deploy very expensive RFID readers to receive the signal of tags with relatively long distances, the proposed system just needs to deploy the corresponding number of cheap wireless nodes according to actual site area.

This paper introduces the Markov theory to remove the fluctuation in power levels, which has not been addressed in the literature.We propose a priority-based pattern matching technique to find the most similar power level vector with fingerprint based localization methods. We found a noteworthy phenomenon that, even if two power level vectors are similar in Euclidean distance, their corresponding nodes may still be located at two far-away points in the constructed radio map.…”

“…In addition, in the aspect of hardware cost, for a medium or large localization area, unlike SpotFi [3] that needed to deploy multiple access points (APs) with continuous power supplies, and LANDMARC, including its variants VIRE [12] and SAIL[11], which needed to deploy very expensive RFID readers to receive the signal of tags with relatively long distances, the proposed system just needs to deploy the corresponding number of cheap wireless nodes according to actual site area.…”

A fuzzy-PSO system for indoor localization based on visible light communications

“…A trend in recent years is to ensure indoor location systems including self-sufficient robot management (Wang et al 2016;Prorok and Martinoli 2011), position identification (Chen et al 2016), and location-based services (Shin et al 2015;Bordel et al 2017;Ishida et al 2016). For instance, there are several localization and positioning systems proposed in the literature, such as those based on GPS (Gowdayyanadoddi et al 2015), RFID (Zhao et al 2017), infrared (Vidal and Lin 2016), ultrasound (Hammoud et al 2016), WLAN (Khalajmehrabadi et al 2016), Bluetooth (Gu and Ren 2015) and other approaches (Yassin et al 2016). However, GPS may not be fit-for-purpose in indoor situations due to multipath fading (e.g., caused by objects and surfaces) and power attenuation.…”