Simonkolleite Coating on Poly(Amino Acids) to Improve Osteogenesis and Suppress Osteoclast Formation in Vitro

Abstract

Zinc can enhance osteoblastic bone formation and stimulate osteogenic differentiation, suppress the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts, and inhibit pathogenic bacterial growth in a dose-dependent manner. In this study, simonkolleite, as a novel zinc resource, was coated on poly (amino acids) (PAA) via suspending PAA powder in different concentrations of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) solution, and the simonkolleite-coated PAA (Zn–PAA) was characterized by SEM, XRD, FT-IR and XPS. Zinc ions were continuously released from the coating, and the release behavior was dependent on both the concentration of the ZnCl2 immersing solution and the type of soak solutions (SBF, PBS and DMEM). The Zn–PAA was cultured with mouse bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) through TranswellTM plates, and the results indicated that the relative cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization of BMSCs were significantly higher with Zn–PAA as compared to PAA. Moreover, the Zn–PAA was cultured with RAW264.7 cells, and the results suggested an inhibiting effect of Zn–PAA on the cell differentiation into osteoclasts. In addition, Zn–PAA exhibited an antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and E. coli. These findings suggest that simonkolleite coating with certain contents could promote osteogenesis, suppress osteoclast formation and inhibit bacteria, indicating a novel way of enhancing the functionality of synthetic bone graft material and identifying the underline principles for designing zinc-containing bone grafts.

Inhibition of Inflammatory Response and Promotion of Osteogenic Activity of Zinc-Doped Micro-Arc Titanium Oxide Coatings

“… 17 Li et al have shown that the response of BMSCs to zinc coating is highly dose-dependent. 38 The results showed that Zn 2+ released from the Zn2-coated titanium micro-arc oxide coating was not toxic to BMSC proliferation and had good biological safety.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that BMSCs can survive well under 80 μm concentration of Zn 2+ , higher than this value would be toxic to BMSCs . Li et al have shown that the response of BMSCs to zinc coating is highly dose-dependent . The results showed that Zn 2+ released from the Zn2-coated titanium micro-arc oxide coating was not toxic to BMSC proliferation and had good biological safety.…”

Tetrapropylammonium Hydroxide as a Zinc Dendrite Growth Suppressor for Rechargeable Aqueous Battery

“…This also was confirmed by EDS mapping of cycled Zn anodes with/without TPAH, which shows the presence of Zn, O, and Cl (Supplementary Figure S3). It can be noted that simonkolleite, which acts as a corrosion stabilizer, forms in case of high Cl content and low pH value (Yoo et al, 2013;Cousy et al, 2017;Li et al, 2019c). The comparison of Zn electrode surface morphology cycled in beaker cells with and without TPAH addition was done by SEM.…”

Mg-, Zn-, and Fe-Based Alloys With Antibacterial Properties as Orthopedic Implant Materials

“…Nevertheless, the poor mechanical properties of pure Zn fail to meet the requirements for orthopedic implants ( Hernández-Escobar et al, 2019 ; Peng et al, 2021b ). Besides, cytotoxicity is prone to be induced due to a high concentration of Zn ions by inhibiting ECM mineralization ( Li et al, 2019a ; Wang et al, 2021b ). Thus, a growing number of studies have focused on alloying Zn-based materials to ameliorate mechanical properties and biocompatibility ( Li et al, 2019b ; Hernández-Escobar et al, 2019 ).…”