Simple and accurate allometric model for leaf area estimation in Vitis vinifera L. genotypes

Abstract

The aim of the present experiment was to evaluate the currently used allometric models for Vitis vinifera L., as well as to develop a simple and accurate model using linear measurements [leaf length (L) and leaf width (W)], for estimating the individual leaf area (LA) of nine grapevine genotypes. For model construction, a total of 1,630 leaves coming from eight genotypes in 2010 was sampled during different leaf developmental stages and encompassed the full spectrum of leaf sizes. The model with single measurement of L could be considered an interesting option because it requires measurement of only one variable, but at the expense of accuracy. To find a model to estimate individual LA accurately for grapevine plants of all genotypes, both measurements of L and W should be involved. The proposed linear model [LA = -0.465 + 0.914 (L × W)] was adopted for its accuracy: the highest coefficient of determination (> 0.98), the smallest mean square error, the smallest prediction sum of squares, and the reasonably close prediction sum of squares value to error sum of squares. To validate the LW model, an independent data set of 200 leaves coming from another genotype in 2011 was used. Correlation coefficients showed that there was a highly reliable relationships between predicted leaf area and the observed leaf area, giving an overestimation of 0.8% in the prediction.

Analysis of Cultivar-Specific Variability in Size-Related Leaf Traits and Modeling of Single Leaf Area in Three Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Ocimum basilicum L., Mentha Spp., and Salvia Spp.

“…For instance, data on leaf characteristics can be incorporated into databases [11,12] and employed to validate time-series quantification of leaf morphology (e.g., [13,14]) and to determine the performance of computer-assisted imaging systems and machine learning algorithms used to classify/recognize phenotypic traits of specific genotypes [15].Leaf area is generally measured with destructive or non-destructive methods [16], the latter often preferred as they are faster, cheaper, and non-invasive (i.e., no excision of leaves is required), therefore, permitting repeated and simultaneous measurements of LA and other physiological parameters (e.g., leaf gas exchange or fluorescence) on the same leaves.Collected information, such as leaf blade length (L) and width (W) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] or the shape ratio of the leaf (L:W) [26], can be useful for characterizing leaf functions and structure, based only on proxy variables. In particular, the leaf shape ratio is of particular importance in horticultural sciences as it is regulated by several genetic factors and mutations [27], whose diversity can be analyzed in functional [28] and evolutionary terms [29].Thus far, numerous models have been proposed and applied with respect to both leaf (e.g., [20,30,31]) and shoot level [31-41] morphology of several fruit, vegetable, ornamental, medicinal, and aromatic crops [42]. Currently, LA models for aromatic and medicinal plants comprise several species such as basil, winter red Bergenia, or purple bergenia, calamint, coffee, cherry laurel, bush-willows, jimson weed, wild cucumber, horse-eye bean, lemon balm, peppermint, oleander, mountain mint, opium poppy, ground-cherry, or winter cherry, picrorhiza or kutka, saffron, sugar leaf, snowbell, summer snowflake, tea, common nettle, orange mullein [42], valeriana [43], and pepper plants [44].The world production of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) is expected to rise up to 5 trillion US$ by 2050 [45].…”

“…Collected information, such as leaf blade length (L) and width (W) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] or the shape ratio of the leaf (L:W) [26], can be useful for characterizing leaf functions and structure, based only on proxy variables. In particular, the leaf shape ratio is of particular importance in horticultural sciences as it is regulated by several genetic factors and mutations [27], whose diversity can be analyzed in functional [28] and evolutionary terms [29].…”

Non-destructive estimation of leaf area in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis L.)

“…According to Partelli et al (2006), they indicate that the increase in a trait influenced the positive increase in another correlated trait. Buttaro et al (2015), compared the estimated area using the length or width and…”

Estimation of the Foliar Area by Non-Destructive Methods in Two Stages of Growth of Pepper Plants (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) Hybrid Salvador

“…The evaluation of allometric models for the estimation of the foliar area in vines (Vitis vinifera L. genotypes), looking for simpler models showed that simple regression models based on the length of the leaf achieve good results but sacrifice accuracy; thus, the estimation of the area depending on the product of the length by the width of the leaf is suggested [11].…”