Simple Scalable Fabrication of Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Membranes for Water Treatment

Gupta, Abhishek; Sharma, C. P.; Arnusch, Christopher J.

doi:10.1021/acsestwater.0c00226

Cited by 33 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Three samples were measured, and average values were reported. Sessile drop contact angle measurements were performed with an optical contact angle (OCA)-15 contact angle analyzer (DataPhysics) and in a similar fashion as that previously reported . In short, three contact angles of LIG and LIG-concrete at different surface locations were observed and recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Powell

Pisharody

Thamaraiselvan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a method of generating a foam-like conformal carbon layer of porous graphene on many types of carbon-based surfaces. This electrically conductive material has been shown to be useful in many applications (e.g., environmental technology) and exhibits low fouling and antimicrobial surfaces. Moreover, polymers and concrete composite materials have been made. Since LIG is formed using common engraving or cutting lasers, LIG images on paper products was recently termed “graphene art”. Here we show that graphene art generated on polymers can be composited and made functional. Pouring concrete on LIG images obtained on poly(ether sulfone) or polyimide and transferring the LIG onto the set concrete surface by simply peeling off the polymer support resulted in LIG-concrete composite artistic designs. The electrically conductive LIG-concrete composite art was functional and showed antibacterial effects when an electrical potential was applied (i.e., an antimicrobial rate (AR) of 100%a 5 log reduction). These examples show that artistically designed LIG-concrete composites can be functional by utilizing the electrical and chemical properties of LIG and especially for antibacterial effects, which might be of use for incorporation into structural aspects of hospitals or other buildings where sterile surfaces might provide added protection for immune-compromised patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Powell

Pisharody

Thamaraiselvan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

Self Cite

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“…More recently, laser-induced graphene (LIG) has shown potential in many applications such as supercapacitors, sensors, oxygen-evolution reactions, nitrogen sensing, adsorption, , and water treatment applications. − In LIG, a porous conductive graphene material is generated by converting a variety of carbon substrates into graphene through a direct laser write process using a commercial CO 2 laser. This laser fabrication method is simple, cost effective, and efficient, and it allows the patterning of various desired geometries, which can lead to the formation of LIG with different morphologies and feature sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Structure and Sorption Characteristics of Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) from Various Polymeric Substrates

et al. 2021

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Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has recently gained significant attention for its potential application in various fields.Here, we show that the laser ablation of Kevlar fabric, polyimide (PI), and poly(ether)sulfone (PES) substrates results in the formation of a highly porous graphene with different physicochemical features. LIG powder was used as an adsorbent for the dye removal. The LIG materials obtained from each substrate exhibited a different macroporous structure and demonstrated relatively high efficiency in the adsorptive removal of cationic dye. The generation of graphene from each polymeric substrate was confirmed by characterizing the LIGs. We found that the laser power had a large influence on the formation and quality of the LIG; higher laser power increased the degree of graphitization and resulted in a more porous graphene structure, which eventually led to an increase in the adsorption capacity. The LIG's adsorption capability is hypothesized to be primarily due to the highly porous structure of LIG, while π−π and hydrophobic interactions were found to have a marginal influence on the adsorbent−adsorbate interactions. LIG derived from PI displayed the highest sorption capacity among different polymeric substrates tested. The maximum equilibrium methylene blue adsorption capacity was found to be 153.3 mg/g using the Langmuir model.

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“…LIG fabrication methods , produce porous, electrically conductive coatings on many types of polymer surfaces and have been proven useful in many applications. − For example, applying LIG to polymer surfaces in water filters produced voltage-dependent antimicrobial and antibiofouling effects. ,,, Along these lines, Stanford et al. demonstrated a self-cleaning air filter comprising LIG that could capture particulates and inactivate bacteria via joule heating (255 °C) at an applied power of 0.53 W/cm 2 for 5 s .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…demonstrated a self-cleaning air filter comprising LIG that could capture particulates and inactivate bacteria via joule heating (255 °C) at an applied power of 0.53 W/cm 2 for 5 s . However, low mechanical robustness and fabrication steps might lead to challenges in the scale-up and commercialization of such a configuration . Here, we fabricated LIG on non-woven polyimide fabric, which resulted not only in a simple, robust, and active air filter but also in lower power consumption requiring low current densities for bacterial and viral inactivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,29,34,35 Along these lines, Stanford et al demonstrated a self-cleaning air filter comprising LIG that could capture particulates and inactivate bacteria via joule heating (255 °C) at an applied power of 0.53 W/cm 2 for 5 s. 26 However, low mechanical robustness and fabrication steps might lead to challenges in the scale-up and commercialization of such a configuration. 33 Here, we fabricated LIG on non-woven polyimide fabric, which resulted not only in a simple, robust, and active air filter but also in lower power consumption requiring low current densities for bacterial and viral inactivation. The electrical killing effect of LIG enhanced bacterial and viral removal from the air, an effect that was added to conventional filtration mechanisms attributed to nonwoven filtration materials such as the depth filtration effect, inertial impaction, interception, and electrostatic attraction effects.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Voltage Bacterial and Viral Killing Using Laser-Induced Graphene-Coated Non-woven Air Filters

Gupta

Sharma

Thamaraiselvan

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is uniquely positioned to advance applications in which electrically conductive carbon coatings are required. Recently, the antifouling, antiviral, and antibacterial properties of LIG have been proven in both air and water filtration applications. For example, an unsupported LIG based filter (pore size: ∼0.3 μm) demonstrated exceptional air filtration properties, while its joule heating effects successfully sterilized and removed unwanted biological components in air despite persisting challenges such as pressure drop, energy consumption, and lack of mechanical robustness.Here, we developed a polyimide (PI) non-woven supported LIG air filter with negligible pressure drop changes compared to the non-woven support material and showed that low electrical current density inactivates aerosolized bacteria. A current density of 4.5 mA/cm 2 did not cause significant joule heating, and 97.2% bacterial removal was obtained. The low-voltage antibacterial mechanism was elucidated using bacterial inhibition experiments on a titanium surface and on an LIG surface fabricated on dense PI films. Complete sterilization was obtained using current densities of ∼8 mA/cm 2 applied for 2 min or ∼ 6 mA/cm 2 for 10 min upon the dense PI−LIG surface. Lastly, >98% bacterial removal was observed using a low-resistance LIG-coated non-woven polyimide air filter at 5 V. However, only very low voltages (∼0.3 V) were needed to remove ∼99% Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria and 100% of T4 virus when the LIG-coated filters were hybridized with a stainless steel mesh. Our results show that low current density levels at very low voltages are sufficient for substantial bacterial and viral inactivation, and that these principles might be effectively used in a wide number of air filtration applications such as air conditioners or other ventilation systems, which might limit the spread of infectious particles in hospitals, homes, workplaces, and the transportation industry.

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Simple Scalable Fabrication of Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Membranes for Water Treatment

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Functional Laser-Induced Graphene Composite Art

Comparing Structure and Sorption Characteristics of Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) from Various Polymeric Substrates

Low-Voltage Bacterial and Viral Killing Using Laser-Induced Graphene-Coated Non-woven Air Filters

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