“…Figure 4b shows the high-resolution spectrum of C 1s, revealing four characteristic peaks: the peaks at 284.8 and 286.45 eV were assigned to C─C and C─N, respectively, the peak at 288.17 eV was assigned to the s-triazine species N═C─N, and the peak at 293.59 eV was attributed to π-excitation. [5,34,43,44] Figure 4c shows the highresolution spectrum of N 1s, revealing four characteristic peaks at 398.59, 400.17, 401.26, and 404.47 eV, which correspond to sp 2 -hybridized C═N─C, N─(C)3, C─N─H, as well as π-excitation. [11,22,44,45] Figure 4d,e shows the high-resolution XPS spectra of Co 2p and Ni 2p.…”