Simple Techniques for the Surgical Occlusion of Coronary Vessels in the Rat

Selye, Hans; Bajusz, E; Grasso, S; Mendell, P

doi:10.1177/000331976001100505

Cited by 500 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

186

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Coronary artery ligation in rats was produced by using the technique described elsewhere (35,40). The rats were assigned randomly to one of two groups: a heart failure group and a sham-operated group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

nNOS gene transfer to RVLM improves baroreflex function in rats with chronic heart failure

Wang

Patel

Cornish

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. nNOS gene transfer to RVLM improves baroreflex function in rats with chronic heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285: H1660-H1667, 2003; 10.1152/ajpheart.00239.2003.-We hypothesized that gene transfer of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) improves baroreflex function in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF). Six to eight weeks after coronary artery ligation, rats showed hemodynamic signs of CHF. A recombinant adenovirus, either Ad.nNOS or Ad.␤-Gal, was transfected into the RVLM. nNOS expression in the RVLM was confirmed by Western blot analysis, NADPH-diaphorase, and immunohistochemical staining. We studied baroreflex control of the heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in the anesthetized state 3 days after gene transfer by intravenous injections of phenylephrine and nitroprusside. Baroreflex sensitivity was depressed for HR and RSNA regulation in CHF rats (2.0 Ϯ 0.3 vs. 0.8 Ϯ 0.2 beats ⅐ min Ϫ1 ⅐ mmHg Ϫ1 , P Ͻ 0.01 and 3.8 Ϯ 0.3 vs. 1.2 Ϯ 0.1% max/mmHg, P Ͻ 0.01, respectively). Ad.nNOS transfer into RVLM significantly increased the HR and RSNA ranges (152 Ϯ 19 vs. 94 Ϯ 12 beats/min, P Ͻ 0.05 and 130 Ϯ 16 vs. 106 Ϯ 5% max/mmHg, P Ͻ 0.05) compared with the Ad.␤-Gal in CHF rats. Ad.nNOS also improved the baroreflex gain for the control of HR and RSNA (1.8 Ϯ 0.2 vs. 0.8 Ϯ 0.2 beats ⅐ min Ϫ1 ⅐ mmHg Ϫ1 , P Ͻ 0.01 and 2.6 Ϯ 0.2 vs. 1.2 Ϯ 0.1% max/mmHg, P Ͻ 0.01). In sham-operated rats, we found that Ad.nNOS transfer enhanced the HR range compared with Ad.␤-Gal gene transfer (188 Ϯ 15 vs. 127 Ϯ 14 beats/min, P Ͻ 0.05) but did not alter any other parameter. This study represents the first demonstration of altered baroreflex function following increases in central nNOS in the CHF state. We conclude that delivery of Ad.nNOS into the RVLM improves baroreflex function in rats with CHF. sympathetic nerve activity; heart rate; nitric oxide; adenovirus IT HAS BEEN WELL ESTABLISHED that arterial baroreflex function is impaired in patients (8) and animals (48) with chronic heart failure (CHF) and that it is associated with sympathoexcitation (3, 10, 11). This sympathoexcitation, if sustained, clearly aggravates the progression of the CHF state (6). It has been shown that the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (nNOS) message and activity are substantially reduced at various central sites in animals with experimental CHF (33). The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is the final site of sympathetic processing in the brain and transmits sympathetic excitatory projections to the spinal cord (41). It plays a critical role in the control of arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), and sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system (CNS) (7). As a neuromodulatory substance, NO is believed to elicit effects on several central pathways, including the regulation of sympathetic tone (13). By using immunohistochemistry and NADPH-diaphorase staining, some studies have already demonstrated that nNOS is present in several regions that make up the ...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

nNOS gene transfer to RVLM improves baroreflex function in rats with chronic heart failure

Wang

Patel

Cornish

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chest was opened between the fourth and fifth ribs, approximately 2 mm to the left of the sternum. After opening the pericardium, the heart was exteriorized and a 6/0 silk suture was placed under the left coronary artery as described by Selye, Bajusz, Grasso & Mendell (1960). The heart was repositioned in the thoracic cavity and the blood pressure and ECG allowed to stabilize for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiarrhythmic Effects of Org 6001 in Rats: Correlation With Plasma and Tissue Drug Concentrations

Kane¹,

McDonald²,

Parratt³

et al. 1982

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1 The antiarrhythmic effects of Org 6001 following oral administration in the rat have been assessed and correlated with plasma, myocardial and skeletal muscle drug concentrations. 2 Arrythmias were induced by coronary artery ligation in anaesthetized rats. Org 6001 (10,20,50 and 100 mg/kg given 1 h before ligation) significantly reduced mortality and the incidence of ventricular fibrillation in the 0-30 min post ligation period. Only the highest dose of drug also significantly reduced the number of ventricular ectopic beats following ligation. 3 A linear relationship was observed between the oral dose and the Org 6001 concentrations in plasma and skeletal muscle determined 90 min after drug administration. 4 The Org 6001 concentration in the myocardium was not linearly related to the administered dose and Org 6001 appeared to be concentrated to a higher extent in cardiac than in skeletal muscle at that time.5 No statistically significant difference in drug levels in the ischaemic left ventricle and normal right ventricle plus septum was observed. 6 The antiarrythmic effect of Org 6001, as measured by changes in the incidence of ventricular fibrillation, correlated with myocardial concentrations of the drug.

show abstract

“…In this position, a small curved needle (propylene 6.0 G, cardiovascular VT-22961) could readily carry a thread between the point of entry of the left margin of the pulmonary cone and the middle of an imaginary line connecting this point with the closest point on the insertion line of the left auricular appendage. After ligation, virtually the whole lateral wall of the left ventricle becomes ischaemic [10]. In addition, an immediate electrocardiographic change was observed.…”

Section: Infarct Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infarct induction was achieved as previously described [9,10]. Briefly, the anterior chest wall was resected in order to better visualize and manipulate the coronary artery, so avoiding accidental bleeding that could lead to mechanical respiratory changes [21].…”

Section: Infarct Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comprehensive study evaluating the temporal evolution of lung resistance, elasticity, viscoelasticity and other mechanical unevennesses after AMI has hitherto not been performed. Thus, the first two aims of this investigation were: 1) to determine these respiratory parameters in an experimental model of coronary artery occlusion [9,10], and 2) to relate these results to findings from lung histopathological analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pulmonary morphofunctional effects of acute myocardial infarction

Faffe¹,

Chagas²,

Medeiros³

et al. 1999

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may yield several respiratory changes. Nevertheless, no comprehensive pulmonary morphological/physiological correlation has been performed under this condition. The aims of the present investigation were: 1) to determine the respiratory parameters in an experimental model of coronary artery occlusion, 2) to relate these results to findings from lung histopathology, and 3) to evaluate the effects of propranolol used prior to AMI.Twenty-eight rats were anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated. In the control group (C), a suture line was passed around the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA). The infarct group (I) was similarly prepared but the LADCA was ligated and infarct resulted. In the control/propranolol (CP) and infarct/propranolol (IP) groups, propranolol was intravenously injected 5 min before surgery as performed in groups C and I, respectively. Lung static (EL,st) and dynamic (EL,dyn) elastances, airway resistance (RL,int), and viscoelastic/inhomogeneous pressure (DP2L) were determined before and 30, 60 and 120 min after surgery.In group I, EL,st, EL,dyn, RL,int and DP2L increased progressively throughout the experiment, and were higher than those found in groups C, CP and IP. All respiratory parameters but EL,st remained unaltered in group IP. Lung histopathological examination demonstrated alveolar, interstitial and intrabronchial oedema in group I. Group IP showed only interstitial oedema.Acute myocardial infarction yields lung resistive, elastic and viscoelastic changes. The last two results from alveolar and interstitial oedema, respectively. The previous use of propranolol diminishes respiratory changes.

show abstract

Simple Techniques for the Surgical Occlusion of Coronary Vessels in the Rat

Cited by 500 publications

References 3 publications

nNOS gene transfer to RVLM improves baroreflex function in rats with chronic heart failure

nNOS gene transfer to RVLM improves baroreflex function in rats with chronic heart failure

Antiarrhythmic Effects of Org 6001 in Rats: Correlation With Plasma and Tissue Drug Concentrations

Pulmonary morphofunctional effects of acute myocardial infarction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About