Simplified Approaches to Radiative Transfer Simulations in Laser-Induced Hyperthermia of Superficial Tumors

Abstract

 scattering coefficient  index of absorption  direction cosine  scattering asymmetry factor  scattering albedo    unit vector of direction Subscripts and superscripts a absorbed ray traced rays s scattered t human tissue tr transport  wavelength

Radiative heating of superficial human tissues with the use of water-filtered infrared-A radiation: A computational modeling

“…1). Strictly speaking, the 1-D radiative transfer model recommended in paper [10] is not directly applicable to this problem.…”

“…Therefore, it seems reasonable to neglect radiative transfer in the tissues along the body surface in the computational model. It was shown in [10] that this assumption is acceptable. Such a 1-D approach is expected to decrease slightly the radiative power absorbed at the periphery of the irradiated region.…”

“…At the first step of modeling, the normal (healthy) skin tissues are considered. There are two methodological differences in modeling of wIRA irradiation as compared with the models developed in previous studies of laser-induced hyperthermia [6][7][8][9][10][11] The first of the above special features of the problem under consideration requires spectral data for all the tissues and increases the computational time. Therefore, the use of an approximate solution for radiative transfer at every wavelength is important to avoid time-consuming calculations.…”

Thermal analysis of laser-irradiated tissue phantoms using dual phase lag model coupled with transient radiative transfer equation

“…Research on understanding the thermal response of laser irradiated biological samples has intensified in the past few years due to its importance in medical applications such as laser surgery [1,2], laser-induced hyperthermia [3][4][5][6], laser-based photo-thermal therapy [7] etc. Accurate prediction of thermal response of laser irradiated biological tissues is required for maximizing the efficiency of these techniques for selective destruction of abnormal cells (e.g.…”

“…Hence, the subsequent rise in the tissue temperature as a result of the absorption of the incident laser power can be confined well within the localized tissue region before the thermal energy gets diffused to the surrounding normal cells. Furthermore, as part of the recent developments in this direction, plasmonic gold nanoparticles have found considerable attention in order to maximize the efficiency of these techniques for the thermal treatment of tumors [4][5][6]. These nanoparticles are characterized by strong resonance absorption and relatively weak scattering in the therapeutic window (%0.6-1.4 lm) while the normal biological tissues exhibit high scattering and weak absorption characteristics within this wavelength range.…”