Simplified Method for Detection of Weakly Reacting Rh0 (Du) - Positive Blood*

Chung, Frederick; Bender, Charles R.

doi:10.1093/ajcp/22.12_ts.1213

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

1952

DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/22.12_ts.1213

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Simplified Method for Detection of Weakly Reacting Rh0 (Du) - Positive Blood*

Frederick Chung¹,

Charles R. Bender²

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1962

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The Rh_o Variant — D^u

Sturgeon

1962

Transfusion

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In a survey of 18,365 bloods for the incidence of the Du factor, in a population comprised approximately of 72 per cent Caucasoids, 15 per cent Negroids, 10 per cent Mexicans and 3 per cent Orientals, 78 Du bloods were found of which seven were type ccDuee. Of the latter, five came from Negroids and two from Caucasoids; the frequency among the two populations approximates respectively one in 6,000 and one in 500. In the general population of this region it is one in 2,500. The degree of reactivity of the type ccDuee found in this study was that of the “low grade” variety. However, from the remaining 71 “low grade” Du bloods, substantially weaker examples were found among type CcDuee and ccDuEe. The indirect antiglobulin and ficinized cell method readily detected type ccDuee; however, among the weaker variants, the antiglobulin method gave the more consistent results. It is concluded, therefore, that type ccDuee does occur in this area with a frequency that is considered significant and that its detection rests on the antiglobulin or other equally sensitive methods.

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The Rh_o Variant — D^u

Sturgeon

1962

Transfusion

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The Rh_o Variant — D^u

Sturgeon

1962

Transfusion

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A series of experiments to assess the influence of several variables in a direct tube test for the Du factor and a set of conditions that give optimal results are reported. The most important of the latter is the maintenance of a high protein content. The reagent should have a 25 per cent albumin concentration; its titer should approximate 1/128 and it should be specific, particularly for the various types of weak “low grade” Du. The applicator stick method for transferring the unknown cells from clotted or whole blood reduces the dilution of reagent that occurs when one drop of a light cell suspension in serum is used. Centrifugation at the relatively high R.C.F. of 1,200 is the other salient point of the test; following this, the test is completed by the addition of one drop of saline and a direct reading. A scheme is proposed for the application of the direct Du tube test, in conjunction with an anti‐CDE reagent, to typing donor bloods. It permits, in one direct test, the division of D negative bloods into a group consisting exclusively of type ccddee and a small group which includes all combinations of D negative bloods having factors C, Du and E. The phenotypes of the latter bloods can then be readily established in conjunction with routine methods and the direct Du tube test. Using the direct Du tube and the indirect antiglobulin methods in parallel tests of 28 Du positive bloods, the former was the equal in accuracy and sensitivity of the antiglobulin test. The conditions which lead to false positive reaction with the tube test also gave false positive reactions with the antiglobulin test. With cells of very “low grade” type CcDuee and/or ccDuEe, false negative reactions were encountered with both methods. However, 13 examples of low grade type ccDuee bloods were studied; all gave relatively strong positive reactions with both methods. These studies indicate that the direct Du tube method is deserving of trial under the conditions of a routine blood typing program, particularly as experienced in the collection of large numbers of donor bloods. They also suggest that the test will be found the equal of the indirect antiglobulin test both in sensitivity and accuracy at a significant reduction in technician time and reagents.

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The D^uPhenoype, Serology, and Clinical Relevance

Gibble

Shirey

Ness

1984

CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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In this article, the authors examine the nature of the Du phenomenon through a comprehensive historical review beginning with the initial description of the Du factor in the 1940s. Pertinent developments in serologic testing methods and genetic concepts are described. Evidence of the importance of the Du factor in transfusion and hemolytic disease of the newborn is also presented. Selected articles on the frequency of Du in Caucasian and Negro populations are cited. Finally, the authors review current theoretical concepts concerning the nature of the Du factor, its importance in current transfusion practice and maternal Rh immune globulin administration, and the use of microscopic Du testing as a screening procedure for fetomaternal hemorrhage.

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Simplified Method for Detection of Weakly Reacting Rh0 (Du) - Positive Blood*

Cited by 3 publications

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The Rh_o Variant — D^u

The Rh_o Variant — D^u

The Rh_o Variant — D^u

The D^uPhenoype, Serology, and Clinical Relevance

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Simplified Method for Detection of Weakly Reacting Rh0 (Du) - Positive Blood*

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Rho Variant — Du

The Rho Variant — Du

The Rho Variant — Du

The DuPhenoype, Serology, and Clinical Relevance

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The Rh_o Variant — D^u

The Rh_o Variant — D^u

The Rh_o Variant — D^u

The D^uPhenoype, Serology, and Clinical Relevance