Simulating Ionosphere-Induced Scintillation for Testing GPS Receiver Phase Tracking Loops

Humphreys, Todd E.; Psiaki, Mark L.; Hinks, Joanna C.; O’Hanlon, Brady W.; Kintner, P. M.

doi:10.1109/jstsp.2009.2024130

Cited by 112 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In general, higher S 4 and lower τ 0 lead to more severe scintillation. The scintillation amplitude strength is characterized by the index S 4 , which in the strong scintillation case of interest is typically S 4 > 0.6 [3].…”

Section: A Ionospheric Scintillation Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This turbulent behavior can render the carrier phase difficult to track by the receiver. One of the major challenges of severe scintillation propagation conditions is the so-called canonical fades, which results in a combination of strong fading and rapid phase changes in a simultaneous and random manner [2], [3]. From a synchronization standpoint, counteracting such effect is very challenging, because the receiver has to track the faster phase changes using the worst signal level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, an augmented state-space formulation considering multiple frequencies is exploited and a tracking method proposed. The resulting method is validated with the Cornell Scintillation Model (CSM) [3], a popular synthetic signal simulator that generates scintillation amplitude and phase traces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Performance analysis of multi-frequency GNSS carrier tracking for strong ionospheric scintillation mitigation

Vilà‐Valls

Closas

Curran

2017

2017 25th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

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Abstract-In Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), ionospheric scintillation is one of the more challenging propagation scenarios, particularly affecting high-precision receivers based on carrier phase measurements. In this contribution, we propose a new digital carrier synchronization state-space formulation for the mitigation of strong scintillation. It takes into account multifrequency GNSS observations, allowing tracking of both line-ofsight phase variations and complex gain scintillation components, that is, scintillation amplitude and phase. The joint carrier tracking and scintillation mitigation problem is solved using a multi-frequency nonlinear Kalman filter-based solution. The performance improvement of the new approach is shown using realistic synthetic data, and compared to state-of-the-art PLL and KF-based architectures.

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Section: A Ionospheric Scintillation Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Performance analysis of multi-frequency GNSS carrier tracking for strong ionospheric scintillation mitigation

Vilà‐Valls

Closas

Curran

2017

2017 25th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

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show abstract

“…Furthermore, some of the time series were as short as 20 s. Hegarty et al [2001] developed an amplitude scintillation signal model for Global Positioning System-Wide Area Augmentation System based on a Nakagami-m distribution. More recently, Humphreys et al [2009] revisited some of the signal statistics and used a somewhat larger data set to investigate the statistics of scintillating signals. Nevertheless, GPS L1 (1.575 GHz) measurements were limited to 33 time series with lengths varying from 50 to 300 s. Humphreys et al [2009] indicated that either the Nakagami-m or the Rice pdf could describe well the distribution of amplitudes that were present in their measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, Humphreys et al [2009] revisited some of the signal statistics and used a somewhat larger data set to investigate the statistics of scintillating signals. Nevertheless, GPS L1 (1.575 GHz) measurements were limited to 33 time series with lengths varying from 50 to 300 s. Humphreys et al [2009] indicated that either the Nakagami-m or the Rice pdf could describe well the distribution of amplitudes that were present in their measurements. The results indicated a slight advantage of the Rice pdf over Nakagami-m, but the limited set of measurements would not allow testing the performance of the pdfs for different scintillation levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the second order statistics for GPS ionospheric scintillation modeling

et al. 2014

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Equatorial ionospheric scintillation is a phenomenon that occurs frequently, typically during nighttime, affecting radio signals that propagate through the ionosphere. Depending on the temporal and spatial distribution, ionospheric scintillation can represent a problem in the availability and precision for the Global Navigation Satellite System's users. This work is concerned with the statistical evaluation of the amplitude ionospheric scintillation fading events, namely, level crossing rate (LCR) and average fading duration (AFD). Using α-μ model, the LCR and AFD are validated against experimental data obtained in São José dos Campos (23.1°S; 45.8°W; dip latitude 17.3°S), Brazil, a station located near the southern crest of the ionospheric equatorial ionization anomaly. The amplitude scintillation data were collected between December 2001 and January 2002, a period of high solar flux conditions. The obtained results with the proposed model fitted quite well with the experimental data and performed better when compared to the widely used Nakagami-m model. Additionally, this work discusses the estimation of α and μ parameters, and the best fading coefficients found in this analysis are related to scintillation severity. Finally, for theoretical situations in which no set of experimental data are available, this work also presents parameterized equations to describe these fading statistics properly.

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Extended ionospheric amplitude scintillation model for GPS receivers

et al. 2014

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Ionospheric scintillation is a phenomenon that occurs after sunset, especially in the low-latitude region, affecting radio signals that propagate through the ionosphere. Depending on geophysical conditions, ionospheric scintillation may cause availability and precision problems to Global Navigation Satellite System users. The present work is concerned with the development of an extended model for describing the effects of the amplitude ionospheric scintillation on GPS receivers. Using the α-μ probabilistic model, introduced by previous authors in different contexts, the variance of GPS receiver tracking loop error may be estimated more realistically. The proposed model is developed with basis on the α-μ parameters and also considering correlation between amplitude and phase scintillation. Its results are interpreted to explain how a receiver may experience different error values under the influence of ionospheric conditions leading to a fixed scintillation level S 4 . The model is applied to a large experimental data set obtained at São José dos Campos, Brazil, near the peak of the equatorial anomaly during high solar flux conditions, between December 2001 and January 2002. The results from the proposed model show that depending on the α-μ pair, moderate scintillation (0.5 ≤ S 4 ≤ 0.7) may be an issue for the receiver performance. When S 4 > 0.7, the results indicate that the effects of scintillation are serious, leading to a reduction in the receiver availability for providing positioning solutions in approximately 50% of the cases.

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Simulating Ionosphere-Induced Scintillation for Testing GPS Receiver Phase Tracking Loops

Cited by 112 publications

References 19 publications

Performance analysis of multi-frequency GNSS carrier tracking for strong ionospheric scintillation mitigation

Performance analysis of multi-frequency GNSS carrier tracking for strong ionospheric scintillation mitigation

On the second order statistics for GPS ionospheric scintillation modeling

Extended ionospheric amplitude scintillation model for GPS receivers

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