1997
DOI: 10.1063/1.365033
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Simulation and analysis of 1.55 μm double-fused vertical-cavity lasers

Abstract: Using a comprehensive numerical model, we analyze the first long-wavelength (1.55 μm) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers operating continuous-wave at room temperature (up to 33 °C). These double-fused lasers employ strain-compensated InGaAsP multi-quantum wells sandwiched between GaAs/AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflectors that are fused on both sides of the InP spacer. The two-dimensional model includes drift and diffusion of electrons and holes, finite-element thermal analysis, calculation of the internal … Show more

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Cited by 44 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…1). 11 The thermal change of the refractive index is assumed 2 x 10 -4 /K for InP-based layers and 3 x 10 -4 /K for GaAs-based layers, 12 which results in good agreement with the measured shift of the emission wavelength. Internal optical loss in 1.3 µm lasers is affected by free carriers (n,p) as well as by photon scattering (α s ) according to α(n,p) = α s + k n n + k p p .…”
Section: Simulation and Analysissupporting
confidence: 70%
“…1). 11 The thermal change of the refractive index is assumed 2 x 10 -4 /K for InP-based layers and 3 x 10 -4 /K for GaAs-based layers, 12 which results in good agreement with the measured shift of the emission wavelength. Internal optical loss in 1.3 µm lasers is affected by free carriers (n,p) as well as by photon scattering (α s ) according to α(n,p) = α s + k n n + k p p .…”
Section: Simulation and Analysissupporting
confidence: 70%
“…The model has been generalized successfully by Piprek et al [162] for long-wavelength VCSELs. Nevertheless, this simulation has been successfully used to model long-wavelength VCSEL performance thermal-electrical-optical characteristics [163]. Nevertheless, this simulation has been successfully used to model long-wavelength VCSEL performance thermal-electrical-optical characteristics [163].…”
Section: Electro-thermal Simulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All material parameters for InP-In 0.76 Ga 0.24 As 0.82 P 0.18 under consideration were reported in Ref. [12]. With this work, the confinement factor will increase.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%