To study the temperature distribution of the methane combustion process, the methane and air premixing model was simulated using fluent fluid simulation software, and the distribution clouds of temperature and H2O molecules were given. And the combustion region at 5 cm high was selected to study the relationship between the temperature and the mass fraction of H2O. Meanwhile, according to the principle of temperature measurement by TDLAS technology, the gas temperature was simulated in SIMULINK, the absorption line of H2O molecules was selected as the temperature measurement spectral line, and the spectral absorption model was established using the HITRAN database, and the flow chart of the simulation platform construction was given, including the light source module, gas chamber module, and data detection module. Under certain conditions, the temperature simulation data were obtained by giving 15 groups of H2O mass fractions. The results showed that the temperature measured by the TDLAS system was consistent with the temperature simulated by Fluent software, and the error range was within 5%.