Simulation and experimental validation of multiple phosphate precipitates in a saline industrial wastewater

Crutchik, Dafne; Sánchez, Antonio F. Rial; Garrido, Juan Manuel Méndez

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2013.06.041

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In order to help our discussion of the effect of adding ammonium chloride to the copper sulfate solution, the compositions of s copper sulfate solutions with addition of different amounts of NH 4 Cl were calculated using Visual MINTEQ, a chemical equilibrium model frequently used in related fields to calculate metal speciation, solubility equilibria, adsorption, etc. in aqueous solution [41][42][43][44][45]. The latest version (3.1) was used in this work.…”

Section: Solution Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ammonium Chloride on the Efficiency with Which Copper Sulfate Activates Marmatite: Change in Solution Composition and Regulation of Surface Composition

et al. 2018

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Zinc sulfide minerals are the primary choice for zinc extraction and marmatite is one of the two most common zinc sulphide minerals (sphalerite and marmatite), therefore it is of great significance to study and optimize the flotation of marmatite. To improve the activation of copper sulfate on marmatite, a method involving the addition of ammonium chloride is devised. The method has been proven to be an effective way of improving the activation efficiency of copper sulfate towards marmatite under alkaline conditions. The strengthening mechanism was studied using micro-flotation, adsorption test, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and by analyzing changes in solution composition. Flotation test results show that the activation effect of the copper sulfate towards marmatite is enhanced with the addition of ammonium chloride. According to the results of the adsorption measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, when the marmatite surface is activated using copper sulfate with added ammonia chloride, it adsorbs more copper sulfide and less copper hydroxide and zinc hydroxide. These changes in surface composition are believed to occur via the following process: NH 3 (aq) promotes the dissolution of zinc hydroxide and then facilitates the conversion of surface copper hydroxide to copper sulfide. In addition, the occurrence of Cu(NH 3) n 2+ can promote the adsorption of copper ions (Cu 2+ can be stored as Cu(NH 3) n 2+ via complexation, and then, when the concentration of copper ions decreases, Cu 2+ can be released through the decompositionof Cu(NH 3) n 2+. Hence, the copper ion concentration can be maintained and this can facilitate the adsorption of Cu 2+ on marmatite). Based on a comprehensive analysis of all our results, we propose that adding ammonium chloride to the copper sulfate changes the solution components (i.e., the presence of NH 3 (aq) and Cu(NH 3) n 2+) and then regulates the surface composition of marmatite. The change in surface composition improves the hydrophobicity of mineral surface and this leads to an improvement in activation of marmatite.

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Section: Solution Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ammonium Chloride on the Efficiency with Which Copper Sulfate Activates Marmatite: Change in Solution Composition and Regulation of Surface Composition

et al. 2018

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“…Inexpensive magnesium sources, such as magnesite [24], brucite [25], a by-product of marine salt manufacturing and of the thermal treatment of meat waste, bone meal, etc. [26], MgO-saponification wastewater [27], seawater [28,29], and wood ash from a residential fireplace [30] to produce struvite, have been tested. The precipitation of ammonium nitrogen and phosphate with CaO leads to the formation of a struvite-like calcium mineral according to Frazier et al [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Industrial Waste Materials for the Simultaneous Removal of Ammonium Nitrogen and Phosphate from the Anaerobic Digestion Reject Water

Myllymäki

Pesonen

Nurmesniemi

et al. 2019

Waste Biomass Valor

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The European Union's circular economy strategy aims to increase the recycling and re-use of products and waste materials. According to the strategy, the use of industry waste materials and side flows is required to be more effective. In this research, a chemical precipitation method to simultaneously remove ammonium and phosphate from the reject water of anaerobic digestion plant using calcined paper mill sludge and fly ash as a precipitant, was tested. Paper mill sludge is a waste material formed in the paper-making process, and fly ash is another waste material formed in the power plant. Objective of this research was to test whether these industrial waste streams could be used as low cost precipitation chemicals for ammonium and phosphate removal from wastewaters and whether the precipitate could be suitable for fertilizer use. Results indicated that calcined paper mill sludge had high removal efficiency for both ammonium (97%) and phosphate (73%). Fly ash also had good removal efficiency for both ammonium nitrogen (74%) and phosphate (59%) at 20 ± 2 °C. The precipitates contained high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphate and could be used as a recycled fertilizer. Other possible mechanisms for the removal of phosphate and ammonium were considered.

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“…T h e p r o c e s s o f s t r u v i t e (MgNH 4 PO 4 .6H 2 O) crystallization for removing and recovering nutrients is technically viable. Since the high reagent cost in conventional methods for struvite precipitation comes from the magnesium (Mg 2+ ) chemicals, a reduction in the overall struvite generation cost should be considered to be economically viable in wastewater treatments (LAHAV et al, 2013;CRUTCHIK et al, 2013). In this sense, some studies have been gaining prominence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the possibilities for cost reduction in the process of struvite crystallization using alternative reagents sources is being widely discussed in literature (SAKTHIVEL et al, 2012;LIU et al, 2013;CRUTCHIK et al, 2013;SICILIANO & De ROSA, 2014). Struvite is a source of nutrients with minimal contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the hydration process of an industrial magnesia compound to obtain struvite crystals: a technique for recovering nutrients

Castro

Araújo

Lange

2015

Rem: Rev. Esc. Minas

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Struvite crystallization as a technique for recovering nutrients from wastewater streams has proven to be an attractive alternative to conventional treatments. The process becomes economically viable with the cost reductions related to the chemical reagents, especially magnesium ions. Thus, this study assessed the processing of a cheap and high-grade industrial magnesia compound in obtaining magnesium hydroxide slurries through a hydration reaction using different hydrating agents (magnesium acetate and sodium chloride solutions and water). The optimum hydration condition was achieved in acetate solution with a conversion rate to hydroxide about 67%. The efficiency of the obtained slurries as alternative reagents on the struvite crystallization process was evaluated in terms of the nutrient removal, NH4+-N and PO43--P. In experimental conditions of Mg2+:NH4+:PO43-ratio equal to 1.5:1.0:1.25 and pH equal to 8.5, the best results were achieved by using the magnesium hydroxide slurry obtained in acetate solution, which promoted removals of about 62% and 67% of NH4+-N and PO43--P, respectively. Finally, instrumental analysis confirmed the formation of struvite crystals in a purity degree that allows its use as a potential fertilizer.

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Simulation and experimental validation of multiple phosphate precipitates in a saline industrial wastewater

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Ammonium Chloride on the Efficiency with Which Copper Sulfate Activates Marmatite: Change in Solution Composition and Regulation of Surface Composition

Effect of Ammonium Chloride on the Efficiency with Which Copper Sulfate Activates Marmatite: Change in Solution Composition and Regulation of Surface Composition

The Use of Industrial Waste Materials for the Simultaneous Removal of Ammonium Nitrogen and Phosphate from the Anaerobic Digestion Reject Water

Evaluation of the hydration process of an industrial magnesia compound to obtain struvite crystals: a technique for recovering nutrients

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