Simulation and fabrication of an ammonia gas sensor based on PEDOT:PSS

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is use to density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the molecular adsorption by PEDOT:PSS for different doping levels. DFT calculations are performed using the SIESTA code. In addition, the non-equilibrium Green’s function method is used within the TranSIESTA code to determine the quantum transport properties of molecular nanodevices. Design/methodology/approach Density functional theory (DFT) is used to investigate the molecular adsorption by PEDOT:PSS for different doping levels. DFT calculations are performed using the SIESTA code. In addition, the non-equilibrium Green’s function method is used within the TranSIESTA code to determine the quantum transport properties of molecular nanodevices. Findings Simulation results show very good sensitivity of Pd-doped PEDOT:PSS to ammonia, carbon dioxide and methane, so this structure cannot be used for simultaneous exposure to these gases. Silver-doped PEDOT:PSS structure provides a favorable sensitivity to ammonia in addition to exhibiting a better selectivity. If the experiment is repeated, the sensitivity is increased for a larger concentration of the applied gas. However, the sensitivity will decrease at a higher ratio than smaller concentrations of gas. Originality/value The advantages of the proposed sensor are its low-cost implementation and simple fabrication process compared to other sensors. Moreover, the proposed sensor exhibits appropriate sensitivity and repeatability at room temperature.

Calculated characterisation of a sensitive gas sensor based on PEDOT:PSS

“…Pristine PEDOT:PSS has low electrical conductivity, which reduces the gain of the component. Therefore, to improve electrical conductivity, we doped the component with silver nanoparticles [39]. PEDOT:PSS was purchased from the Sigma Aldrich company.…”