Simulation of a biomass‐burning plume: Comparison of model results with observations

Trentmann, Jörg; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Graf, Hans F.; Hobbs, Peter V.; Ottmar, Roger D.; Trautmann, Thomas

doi:10.1029/2001jd000410

Cited by 86 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is consistent with Trentmann et al [2002] where the authors estimated a total energy emission of about 5500 MW during the flaming phase for a 19.4 ha prescribed forest fire in the United States, giving a mean of 28 kW m…”

Section: à2supporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of including the plume rise of vegetation fires in numerical simulations of associated atmospheric pollutants

Freitas

Longo

Andreae

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

126

138

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[1] We investigate the importance of including in lowresolution atmospheric models the plume rise associated with the strong buoyancy of hot gases from vegetation fires. This sub-grid transport mechanism is simulated by embedding a 1D cloud resolving model, with appropriate lower boundary conditions, in each column of a 3D host model. Remote-sensing fire products are used in combination with a land use dataset for selection of appropriate fire properties. The host model provides the environmental conditions, and the plume rise is simulated explicitly. The final height of the plume is then used in the source emission field of the host model to determine the effective injection height, and the material emitted during the flaming phase is released at this height. Model results are compared with 500 hPa AIRS carbon monoxide (CO) data for September 2002 and with CO aircraft profiles from the SMOCC campaign, showing the huge impact on model performance. Citation: Freitas, S. R., K. M. Longo, and M. O.Andreae (2006), Impact of including the plume rise of vegetation fires in numerical simulations of associated atmospheric pollutants, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17808,

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Section: à2supporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of including the plume rise of vegetation fires in numerical simulations of associated atmospheric pollutants

Freitas

Longo

Andreae

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

126

138

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“…These mechanisms have been implemented and examined in several highresolution modeling studies (e.g. Luderer et al, 2006;Trentmann et al, 2002Trentmann et al, , 2006, which showed strong sensitivity of the pyro-convection to background meteorology. We examine here the effects of different plume injection height parameterizations on the model simulation of biomass burning long-range transport.…”

Section: Injection Heights Of Biomass Burning Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sensitivity of CO and aerosol transport to the temporal and vertical distribution of North American boreal fire emissions

Chen

Randerson

et al. 2009

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Forest fires in Alaska and western Canada represent important sources of aerosols and trace gases in North America. Among the largest uncertainties when modeling forest fire effects are the timing and injection height of biomass burning emissions. Here we simulate CO and aerosols over North America during the 2004 fire season, using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. We apply different temporal distributions and injection height profiles to the biomass burning emissions, and compare model results with satellite-, aircraft-, and ground-based measurements. We find that averaged over the fire season, the use of finer temporal resolved biomass burning emissions usually decreases CO and aerosol concentrations near the fire source region, and often enhances long-range transport. Among the individual temporal constraints, switching from monthly to 8-day time intervals for emissions has the largest effect on CO and aerosol distributions, and shows better agreement with measured day-to-day variability. Injection height substantially modifies the surface concentrations and vertical profiles of pollutants near the source region. Compared with CO, the simulation of black carbon aerosol is more sensitive to the temporal and injection height distribution of emissions. The use of MISR-derived injection heights improves agreement with surface aerosol measurements near the fire source. Our results indicate that the discrepancies between model simulations and MOPITT CO measurements near the Hudson Bay can not be attributed solely to the representation Correspondence to: Y. Chen (yang.chen@uci.edu) of injection height within the model. Frequent occurrence of strong convection in North America during summer tends to limit the influence of injection height parameterizations of fire emissions in Alaska and western Canada with respect to CO and aerosol distributions over eastern North America.

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“…In earlier studies, ATHAM was employed to investigate volcanic eruptions (e.g., Oberhuber et al, 1998;Herzog et al, 1998;Graf et al, 1999;Textor et al, 2003) and wildfire induced convection (Trentmann et al, 2002Luderer et al, 2006). The dynamical core of ATHAM is such that it fully accounts for the effects of all tracers such as hydrometeors, aerosols and gaseous components on heat capacity and density.…”

Section: The Active Tracer High Resolution Atmospheric Model (Atham)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-scale mixing processes enhancing troposphere-to-stratosphere transport by pyro-cumulonimbus storms

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Deep convection induced by large forest fires is an efficient mechanism for transport of aerosol particles and trace gases into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS). For many pyro-cumulonimbus clouds (pyroCbs) as well as other cases of severe convection without fire forcing, radiometric observations of cloud tops in the thermal infrared (IR) reveal characteristic structures, featuring a region of relatively high brightness temperatures (warm center) surrounded by a U-shaped region of low brightness temperatures.We performed a numerical simulation of a specific case study of pyroCb using a non-hydrostatic cloud resolving model with a two-moment cloud microphysics parameterization and a prognostic turbulence scheme. The model is able to reproduce the thermal IR structure as observed from satellite radiometry. Our findings establish a close link between the observed temperature pattern and small-scale mixing processes atop and downwind of the overshooting dome of the pyroCb. Such small-scale mixing processes are strongly enhanced by the formation and breaking of a stationary gravity wave induced by the overshoot. They are found to increase the stratospheric penetration of the smoke by up to almost 30 K and thus are of major significance for irreversible transport of forest fire smoke into the lower stratosphere.

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Simulation of a biomass‐burning plume: Comparison of model results with observations

Cited by 86 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of including the plume rise of vegetation fires in numerical simulations of associated atmospheric pollutants

Impact of including the plume rise of vegetation fires in numerical simulations of associated atmospheric pollutants

The sensitivity of CO and aerosol transport to the temporal and vertical distribution of North American boreal fire emissions

Small-scale mixing processes enhancing troposphere-to-stratosphere transport by pyro-cumulonimbus storms

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