Simulation of CO2 Fluxes in European Forest Ecosystems with the Coupled Soil-Vegetation Process Model “LandscapeDNDC”

Molina-Herrera, Saúl; Grote, Rüdiger; Santabárbara-Ruiz, Ignacio; Kraus, David; Klatt, Steffen; Haas, Edwin; Kiese, Ralf; Butterbach‐Bahl, Klaus

doi:10.3390/f6061779

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…It was initialized with data from the above‐mentioned experimental site. The models' reliability has been shown in the previous studies evaluating C, N, and water balances (Holst et al ., ; Grote et al ., ,b), plant growth for poplar plantations (Werner et al ., ), GHG emissions under the influence of mean commodity crops and poplar plantations (Kim et al ., , ; Kraus et al ., ; Molina‐Herrera et al ., , ; Zhang et al ., ; Díaz‐Pines et al ., ), and NO 3 leaching (Díaz‐Pines et al ., ; Dirnböck et al ., ). For the present study, LandscapeDNDC was run with the physiological model ‘PSIM’ (Physiological Simulation Model) (Grote et al ., ), the soil biogeochemical model ‘DNDC’ (DeNitrification–DeComposition) (Li et al ., , ; Stange et al ., ), the empirical microclimate model ‘ECM’ (Grote et al ., ), and the hydrology module originating from ‘DNDC’ (Li et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of bioenergy wood production from poplar short‐rotation coppice grown at a marginal agricultural site in Germany

et al. 2017

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For avoiding competition with food production, marginal land is economically and environmentally highly attractive for biomass production with short-rotation coppices (SRCs) of fast-growing tree species such as poplars. Herein, we evaluated the environmental impacts of technological, agronomic, and environmental aspects of bioenergy production from hybrid poplar SRC cultivation on marginal land in southern Germany. For this purpose, different management regimes were considered within a 21-year lifetime (combining measurements and modeling approaches) by means of a holistic Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). We analyzed two coppicing rotation lengths (7 9 3 and 3 9 7 years) and seven nitrogen fertilization rates and included all processes starting from site preparation, planting and coppicing, wood chipping, and heat production up to final stump removal. The 7-year rotation cycles clearly resulted in higher biomass yields and reduced environmental impacts such as nitrate (NO 3 ) leaching and soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. Fertilization rates were positively related to enhanced biomass accumulation, but these benefits did not counterbalance the negative impacts on the environment due to increased nitrate leaching and N 2 O emissions. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the heat production from poplar SRC on marginal land ranged between 8 and 46 kg CO 2 -eq. GJ À1 (or 11-57 Mg CO 2 -eq. ha À1). However, if the produced wood chips substitute oil heating, up to 123 Mg CO 2 -eq. ha À1 can be saved, if produced in a 7-year rotation without fertilization. Dissecting the entire bioenergy production chain, our study shows that environmental impacts occurred mainly during combustion and storage of wood chips, while technological aspects of establishment, harvesting, and transportation played a negligible role.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of bioenergy wood production from poplar short‐rotation coppice grown at a marginal agricultural site in Germany

et al. 2017

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“…According to Molina-Herrera et al (2015), we optimized for each site three forest structure development and growth parameters: HDMAX which regulates the height diameter ratio for mature trees in dense stands, HREF which defines the canopy depth where full foliage is developed and the KM20 maintenance respiration coefficient at reference temperature following (Thornley and Cannell 2000). The optimization was based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo calibration minimizing the Euclidian distance (Molina-Herrera et al 2015) between simulation results for tree volume, height and diameter and every 20-30 year values according to the yield tables.…”

Section: Model Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally process descriptions are based on Li et al (1992) and Li et al 2000). LandscapeDNDC was evaluated to represent the water, C and N cycling of various forest ecosystems under different weather and soil conditions (Holst et al 2010;Molina-Herrera et al 2015) and used successfully to simulate nitrate leaching for one of the forest sites (Dirnböck et al 2016). For the current analysis, we used a more detailed forest growth model within LandscapeDNDC (Grote et al 2011a;Grote et al 2011b;Grote et al 2009).…”

Section: Landscapedndc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimization routine performed several thousand site simulations for 150 years for each parameter. Parameter ranges were defined a priori for each species based on literature data (Molina-Herrera et al 2015). The calibration was performed for all sites independently.…”

Section: Model Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimization was based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo calibration minimizing the Euclidian distance (Molina-Herrera et al 2015) between simulation results for tree volume, height and diameter and every 20-30 year values according to the yield tables. The optimization routine performed several thousand site simulations for 150 years for each parameter.…”

Section: Model Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Historic nitrogen deposition determines future climate change effects on nitrogen retention in temperate forests

et al. 2017

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Nitrogen (N) cycle processes in terrestrial ecosystems are highly sensitive to temperature and soil moisture variations. Thus, future climate change may affect the degree to which N deposited from the atmosphere will be retained in forest ecosystems. We evaluated the effect of future changes in climate and N deposition on ecosystem N cycling using the model LandscapeDNDC forced with historical data from eight long-term forest ecosystem monitoring stations in Austria and downscaled future N deposition and climate scenarios. With every 1°C of warming, annual N uptake in biomass increased by +0.03 to +0.54 kg N ha , and mean annual N leaching was between −0.09 and −2.03 kg N ha −1 lower. The magnitude of N deposition in the years from 1990 to 2010 was by far the most important determinant of the response of nitrogen cycling to future warming, including statistically significant relationships with humus N content and N leaching. We conclude that climate change will likely increase ecosystem N retention in temperate forest ecosystems, and even more so at forest sites with high past N deposition.

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Modeling forest carbon cycle using long‐term carbon stock field measurement in the Delaware River Basin

Pan

Plante

et al. 2017

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Process-based models are a powerful approach to test our understanding of biogeochemical processes, to extrapolate ground survey data from limited plots to the landscape scale, and to simulate the effects of climate change, nitrogen deposition, elevated atmospheric CO 2 , increasing natural disturbances, and land-use change on ecological processes. However, in most studies, the models are calibrated using ground measurements from only a few sites, though they may be extrapolated to much larger areas. Estimation accuracy can be improved if the models are parameterized using long-term carbon (C) stock data from multiple sites representative of the simulated region. In this study, forest biomass C stocks measured in 61 forested plots located in three research sites in the Delaware River Basin (DRB) were used to modify the PnET-CN model in three ways: (1) Field-measured mortality rates in each forest type were used to parameterize the wood turnover rate; (2) a numerical approach was used to calibrate the relationship between foliage N and maximum photosynthesis rate; and (3) stand age was incorporated into the model as an input variable, which determines the year of the last disturbance. The results showed that these model modifications improved model performance in capturing the spatial variation of forest C dynamics in the DRB forests. The spatial distribution of forest C pools and fluxes in the three sites was mapped using the modified model. The modified model was also used in experimental scenarios, which predicted that 39% of forest C sequestered over the past decade could be attributed to the combined effects of elevated CO 2 and N deposition. This study demonstrated an effective method for using long-term biometric measurements of forest biomass C stocks to constrain and improve a process-based ecosystem model at a regional scale. Further research should target improving model parameters that are sensitive to the spatial variation of forest C dynamics.

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Simulation of CO2 Fluxes in European Forest Ecosystems with the Coupled Soil-Vegetation Process Model “LandscapeDNDC”

Cited by 22 publications

References 128 publications

Environmental impacts of bioenergy wood production from poplar short‐rotation coppice grown at a marginal agricultural site in Germany

Environmental impacts of bioenergy wood production from poplar short‐rotation coppice grown at a marginal agricultural site in Germany

Historic nitrogen deposition determines future climate change effects on nitrogen retention in temperate forests

Modeling forest carbon cycle using long‐term carbon stock field measurement in the Delaware River Basin

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