Simulation of Human Performance on a Random Generation Task

Ginsburg, Norman; Karpiuk, Peter

doi:10.2466/pms.1995.81.3f.1183

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Computer simulations of the randomization attempts of different groups of neurological patients may offer one way to h k specific neuronal circuits to specific types of nonrandomness. There are already quite a few studies in which simulation of normal subjects' randomization behavior have been tried (76,100,215,230,250,274).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variables That Influence the Generation of Random Sequences: An Update

Brugger¹

1997

Percept Mot Skills

114

125

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This article updates Tune's 1964 review of variables influencing human subjects' attempts at generating random sequences of alternatives. It also covers aspects not included in the original review such as randomization behavior by patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Relevant work from animal research (spontaneous alternation paradigm) is considered as well. It is conjectured that Tune's explanation of sequential nonrandomness in terms of a limited capacity of short-term memory can no longer be maintained. Rather, interdependence among consecutive choices is considered a consequence of an organism's natural susceptibility to interference. Random generation is thus a complex action which demands complete suppression of any rule-governed behavior. It possibly relies on functions of the frontal lobes but cannot otherwise be "localized" to restricted regions of the brain. Possible developments in the field are briefly discussed, both with respect to basic experiments regarding the nature of behavioral nonrandomness and to potential applications of random-generation tasks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variables That Influence the Generation of Random Sequences: An Update

Brugger¹

1997

Percept Mot Skills

114

125

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“…In the random number generation (RNG) task, which measures cognitive inhibition (Ginsburg & Karpiuk, 1994, 1995, participants randomly generate numbers ranging from 0 to 9 at a pace of one number per second, as indicated by a metronome. Scoring was based on the indices described by Peters, Giesbrecht, Jelicic, and Merckelbach (2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speaking is silver, writing is golden? The role of cognitive and social factors in written versus spoken witness accounts

et al. 2014

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Contradictory empirical findings and theoretical accounts exist that are in favor of either a written or a spoken superiority effect. In this article, we present two experiments that put the recall modality effect in the context of eyewitness reports to another test. More specifically, we investigated the role of cognitive and social factors in the effect. In both experiments, participants watched a videotaped staged crime and then gave spoken or written accounts of the event and the people involved. In Experiment 1, 135 participants were assigned to written, spoken-videotaped, spoken-distracted, or spoken-voice recorded conditions to test for the impact of cognitive demand and social factors in the form of interviewer presence. Experiment 2 (N = 124) tested the idea that instruction comprehensiveness differentially impacts recall performance in written versus spoken accounts. While there was no evidence for a spoken superiority effect, we found some support for a written superiority effect for description quantity, but not accuracy. Furthermore, any differences found in description quantity as a function of recall modality could be traced back to participants' free reports. Following up with cued open-ended questions compensated for this effect, although at the expense of description accuracy. This suggests that current police practice of arbitrarily obtaining written or spoken accounts is mostly unproblematic.

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“…The RNG has been effective in detecting loss of cognitive flexibility in a number of neurological diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease: Brown et al, 1998;autism: Williams et al, 2002). Several indices have been put forward to measure the various departures from randomness (Ginsburg & Karpiuk, 1995). A factor analysis on RNG data revealed three clusters of random indices: repetition, seriation, and cycling (see Table 1), respectively, related to output inhibition, inhibition of cognitive schemes, and successful monitoring of previous output (Williams et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild Executive Dysfunctions in Undergraduates Are Related to Recollecting Words Never Presented

Peters

Jelícic

Haas

et al. 2006

International Journal of Neuroscience

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The aim of this study was to explore whether individual differences in executive function in undergraduate students (n = 72) contribute to false recall and recognition as obtained with the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Participants were subjected to the DRM paradigm and also were given a test designed to assess executive function--the Random Number Generation task (RNG). A relationship was found between heightened seriation on the RNG (indicating a deficiency in the ability to inhibit cognitive schemes) and false recognition of non-presented, critical lure words in the DRM paradigm. This suggests that individual differences in executive function do occur in a healthy population and that the reconstructive activity inherent in memory depends in part on executive functioning.

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Simulation of Human Performance on a Random Generation Task

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Variables That Influence the Generation of Random Sequences: An Update

Variables That Influence the Generation of Random Sequences: An Update

Speaking is silver, writing is golden? The role of cognitive and social factors in written versus spoken witness accounts

Mild Executive Dysfunctions in Undergraduates Are Related to Recollecting Words Never Presented

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