“…Among them, ab-initio simulations (Kudin et al, 2001;Baumeier et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2007) are the most accurate tools available to investigate the behavior of nanomaterials, including their mechanics, but they demand a lot of computer power and so they are not always feasible for systems with very many atoms. For this reason, increasing attention has been given to molecular dynamics/statics formulations (Liew et al, 2004;Lu et al, 2009;Xiao et al, 2009;Zhao et al, 2009;Georgantzinos et al, 2012;Silvestre et al, 2012;Berinskii and Borodich, 2013;Davini, 2014;Theodosiou and Saravanos, 2014;Gamboa et al, 2015;Korobeynikov et al, 2015Korobeynikov et al, , 2018Budarapu et al, 2017;Davini et al, 2017;Genoese et al, 2017Genoese et al, , 2018aGenoese et al, ,b, 2019Hossain et al, 2018;Sgouros et al, 2018;Singh and Patel, 2018b) or their structural-mechanical approximations (e.g., nanoscale equivalent beam and truss models; Sakhaee-Pour, 2009a,b;Georgantzinos et al, 2010;Alzebdeh, 2012;Giannopoulos, 2012;Tserpes, 2012;Firouz-Abadi et al, 2016;Rafiee and Eskandariyun, 2017;Savvas and Stefanou, 2018) and to continuum models (Chang, 2010;Aminpour and Rizzi, 2016;Ghaffari et al, 2018;Singh and Patel, 2018a;Zhang et al, 2018).…”