Simultaneous detection of Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus and Apple mosaic virus in crab apples and apple rootstocks by duplex RT-PCR

Establishment of virus-free elite mother orchards of apple in the Trans-Himalayan region of India

“…Important viruses/viroids infecting apple are transmitted through grafting. Hence, use of virus-free mother plants and rootstocks for production and distribution of virus-free planting material is the ideal strategy for viral disease management in apple (Watpade et al 2013). Reliable detection of viruses is an important aspect in generation of virus-free planting material (Nakahara et al 2011).…”

“…Therefore, latent strains of apple viruses were distributed throughout the world with the spread of planting material. More than 50 viruses, 6 viroids and 11 phytoplasmas are reported to infect apple and other pome fruits that cause significant yield losses (Nemeth 1986;Martelli et al 2011;Watpade et al 2013). Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV, Trichovirus), apple mosaic virus (ApMV, Ilarvirus), apple stem pitting virus (ASPV, Foveavirus), apple stem grooving virus (ASGV, Capillovirus) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV, Ilarvirus) are economically important viruses (Mink 1989;Desvignes 1999) and apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd, Apscaviroid) is economically important viroid infecting apple (Sharma et al 2020).…”

Development of multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses infecting apple (Malus domestica)

“…Several diagnostic procedures and assays have been optimized and finally developed for the concurrent detection of number of viruses/viroids infecting apples (Kumar et al 2014). Multiplexing means the simultaneous testing of number of pathogens in a single sample via a single assay (Watpade et al 2013). The multiplex PCR (m-PCR) and multiplex RT-PCR (m-RT-PCR) are the most potential routine diagnostic assays used for concurrent detection of viruses or subviral agents present in mixed infections in fruit crops in a single tube.…”

An efficient method using ultrasound to accelerate aging in crabapple (Malus asiatica) vinegar produced from fresh fruit and its influencing mechanism investigation

“…Malus asiatica , known as Chinese pear-leaved crabapple in China, is a popular fruit with various nutrients such as vitamins, organic acids, dietary fiber and minerals which are richest in selenium, zinc iron and so on [ 1 , 2 ]. Some studies had reported that selenium is a strong antioxidant and it could protect cardiovascular and antitumor, preventing aging and tissue hardening caused by oxidation [ 3 ],. In addition, it also contains polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids and other antioxidant factors, which provides therapeutic effect in treating high blood pressure and coronary heart disease.…”