Simultaneous Determination of Caffeine, Preservatives and Antioxidants in Energy- and Soft-Drinks Commercially Available in Bangladesh

Abstract

This study describes a validated assay method to determine caffeine, benzoic acid, methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, butylatedhydroxyanisole, and butylatedhydroxytoluene simultaneously by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. The separation of compounds was achieved on a C18 column in a gradient of acetonitrile and diluted sulfuric acid (pH=2.3) and quantification was performed by using a UV-detector set at 265 nm. The method was found to be linear over the concentration range of 60-90 ppm (R2=0.995), 200-300 ppm (R2=0.993), 16-24 ppm (R2=0.990), 16-24 ppm (R2=0.994), 16-24 ppm (R2=0.997), 48-72 ppm (R2=0.993), and 32-48 ppm (R2=0.994) for caffeine, benzoic acid, methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, butylatedhydroxyanisole, and butylatedhydroxytoluene, respectively. Sixty energy- and soft-drink samples were analyzed where about 53% were found to contain caffeine among which 16% exceeded the tolerance limit (>200 ppm) set by USFDA. Moreover, 65% of analyzed samples contained benzoic acid and 10% of those samples exceeded the maximum allowable limit (>600 ppm) set by joint expert committee for food additives (JECFA).Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 97-108, 2016 (June)

HPLC method development/validation and skin diffusion study of caffeine, methyl paraben and butyl paraben as skin–diffusing model drugs

“…The simultaneous chromatographic determination of CAFF, MP and BP in soft drinks was previously described, among other ingredients [ 15 ]. The proposed method was selective for its intended application not for in-vitro diffusion studies involving human SC.…”

“…A chromatographic method reported for simultaneous determination of parabens in sunscreens demonstrated a relatively high lower limit of obtained ranges (10–200 μg/mL), making it not practical to be applied for the current purpose of analysis [ 13 ]. In another method utilized for the analysis of CAFF and parabens in soft drinks, the obtained ranges were very narrow (32–48 ppm) to be practically applied for the current application [ 15 ]. One study employed HPLC analysis of CAFF, MP and BP in in-vitro skin permeation within a practical range of 0.05–20 μg/mL; however, the permeants were analyzed individually [ 20 ].…”

“…While some HPLC methods have been reported for simultaneous determination of parabens in pharmaceutical preparations [ 13 , 14 ], only one method analyzed the most hydrophilic caffeine [ 15 ], and to the best of our knowledge, none was validated for percutaneous absorption. On the other hand, multiple published methods, including chromatographic, describe the determination of parabens in human urine, serum, tissue and breast milk, but exclude the hydrophilic caffeine.…”

Quantitation of Sitagliptin in Drug Product by Validated Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatographic Technique

“…In continuation of our research work in the field of analysis of food and drug products e.g. Sultana et al [6][7][8] , Alam et al 9 , Hossain et al 10 , Islam et al 11 , Hossain et al 12 , here, we report a simple, robust, economic and validated method for the estimation of sitagliptin.…”

Development and Validation of a RP-HPLC Method for Quantitative Analysis of Linagliptin in Bulk and Dosage Forms

“…7 The current work is a continuation of our research activities in the field of food and drug. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The current method, we are proposing, is versatile, sensitive, rapid, cost effective and validated to determine linagliptin.…”