Simultaneous Determination of Free Phytosterols and Tocopherols in Vegetable Oils by an Improved SPE–GC–FID Method

Xu, Baocheng; You, Sicong; Lü, Zhou; Kang, Huaibin; Luo, Denglin; Ma, Huan; Han, Song

doi:10.1007/s12161-019-01649-7

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These phytosterols vary considerably among the eight specialty seeds. Data on each phytosterol level and pattern of eight specialty seed oils have been extensively reported (Akin et al., 2018; Can‐Cauich et al., 2019; Chen, 2019a; Ciftci et al., 2012; Cuco, 2019a; Dabrowski et al., 2018; Ghaleshahi et al., 2020; Hosseinian et al., 2004; Montserrat‐de la Paz et al., 2014; Ramadan & Moersel, 2006; Rezig et al., 2012; Tańska et al., 2018; Torri et al., 2019; Xu et al., 2020). Therefore, detailed patterns and levels of phytosterols in specialty seed oils are not provided in this review.…”

Section: Fat‐soluble Bioactives In Specialty Seed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Selected specialty seed oils contain different patterns and amounts of tocols, predominantly γ‐tocopherol (Akin et al., 2018; Czaplicki et al., 2011; Dabrowski et al., 2018; Ghaleshahi et al., 2020; Górnaś et al., 2014; Jung et al., 2012; Kiczorowska et al., 2019; Kiralan et al., 2019; Montserrat‐de la Paz et al., 2014; Mufari et al., 2020; Özcan, 2019b; Przygoda & Wejnerowska, 2015; Ramadan et al., 2012; Rezig et al., 2012; Stevenson et al., 2007; Xu et al., 2020). Some specialty seed oils have been reported to contain small amounts of tocotrienols, such as chia seed (β and γ) (Özcan et al., 2019b), flaxseed (δ) (Ghaleshahi et al., 2020), perilla seed (α and δ) (Ghaleshahi et al., 2020), and pumkin seed (α, β, and γ) (Akin et al., 2018).…”

Section: Fat‐soluble Bioactives In Specialty Seed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specialty seeds are highly nutritious and provide macronutrients, micronutrients, fat‐soluble bioactives, and polyphenolic health‐promoting compounds (Chen et al., 2019a; Ciftci et al., 2012; Dhyani et al., 2019; Ghaleshahi et al., 2020; Kiczorowska et al., 2019; Kiralan et al., 2019; Korean National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 2016; Leizer et al., 2000; Liu et al., 2019; Melo et al., 2019; Nergiz & Ötleş, 1993; Rahman et al., 2017; Rezig et al., 2012; Stevenson et al., 2007; Suri et al., 2019; Tang et al., 2016; USDA, 2019; Xu et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Specialty seeds: Nutrients, bioactives, bioavailability, and health benefits: A comprehensive review

Alasalvar

Chang

Bolling

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seeds play important roles in human nutrition and health since ancient time. The term “specialty” has recently been applied to seeds to describe high‐value and/or uncommon food products. Since then, numerous studies have been conducted to identify various classes of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols in specialty seeds. This review discusses nutrients, fat‐soluble bioactives, polyphenols/bioactives, antioxidant activity, bioavailability, health benefits, and safety/toxicology of commonly consumed eight specialty seeds, namely, black cumin, chia, hemp, flax, perilla, pumpkin, quinoa, and sesame. Scientific results from the existing literature published over the last decade have been compiled and discussed. These specialty seeds, having numerous fat‐soluble bioactives and polyphenols, together with their corresponding antioxidant activities, have increasingly been consumed. Hence, these specialty seeds can be considered as a valuable source of dietary supplements and functional foods due to their health‐promoting bioactive components, polyphenols, and corresponding antioxidant activities. The phytochemicals from these specialty seeds demonstrate bioavailability in humans with promising health benefits. Additional long‐term and well‐design human intervention trials are required to ascertain the health‐promoting properties of these specialty seeds.

show abstract

Section: Fat‐soluble Bioactives In Specialty Seed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Fat‐soluble Bioactives In Specialty Seed Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Specialty seeds: Nutrients, bioactives, bioavailability, and health benefits: A comprehensive review

Alasalvar

Chang

Bolling

et al. 2021

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to these health benefits, their incorporation in functional foods is approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Commission Regulation (EU) [ 4 , 5 ], and are commonly used as dietary supplements and food additives. The composition and abundance of phytosterols and tocopherols vary among various plant sources but are widely obtained from vegetable oils, such as soybean, canola, palm, sunflower, corn, and olive oils [ 6 , 7 ]. Phytosterols and tocopherols are part of the unsaponifiable matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Fast Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric Quantitative Approach for the Determination of Plant-Extracted Phytosterols and Tocopherols

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phytosterols and tocopherols are commonly used in food and pharmaceutical industries for their health benefits. Current analysis methods rely on conventional liquid chromatography, using an analytical column, which can be tedious and time consuming. However, simple, and fast analytical methods can facilitate their qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this study, a fast chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (FC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of phytosterols and tocopherols. Omitting chromatography by employing flow injection analysis—mass spectrometry (FIA-MS) failed in the quantification of target analytes due to analyte-to-analyte interferences from phytosterols. These interferences arise from their ambiguous MS fingerprints that would lead to false identification and inaccurate quantification. Therefore, a C18 guard column with a 1.9 µm particle size was employed for FC-MS/MS under isocratic elution using acetonitrile/methanol (99:1 v/v) at a flow rate of 600 µL/min. Analyte-to-analyte interferences were identified and eliminated. The false peaks could then be easily identified due to chromatographic separation. In addition, two internal standards were evaluated, namely cholestanol and deuterated cholesterol. Both internal standards contributed to the observed analyte-to-analyte interferences; however, adequate shift in the retention time for deuterated cholesterol eliminated its interferences and allowed for an accurate quantification. The method is fast (1.3 min) compared to published methods and can distinguish false peaks observed in FIA-MS. Seven analytes were quantified simultaneously, namely brassicasterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol. The method was successfully applied in the quantitative analysis of phytosterols and tocopherols present in the unsaponifiable matter of canola oil deodorizer distillate (CODD). β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol were the most abundant phytosterols and tocopherols, respectively.

show abstract

“…Phytosterol composition of corn oil is mostly made from β‐sitosterol (266.3 mg/100 g), campesterol (191.7 mg/100 g), and Stigmasterol (32.6 mg/100 g) which all are higher than that in oil obtained from safflower, grape seed, pumpkin seed, walnut, and almond (Yang et al., 2018). The contents of campestanol and sitostanol in corn oil also were found in higher level than rapeseed, sunflower seed, linseed, and sesame oils (Xu et al., 2020). Consumption of corn oil reduces total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol compared to coconut oil.…”

Section: Germ Oil Recovery and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Front‐end corn germ separation: Process variations and effects on downstream products recovery and quality

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The popularity of grain‐based ethanol production, especially via dry‐grind bioethanol from corn and subsequent accumulation of low‐value coproducts, especially dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), has emphasized the need to add value to the process by recovering different corn components for potential food, feed, and industrial applications prior to ethanol fermentation. Findings Modification in corn processing, including the fractionation process, has manifested in variation in product yield such as ethanol. However, the value‐added products thus obtained boost their quality, potentially increasing the profitability of dry‐grind corn ethanol process. Corn oil, being the most valuable corn component, presents itself as an attractive candidate for front‐end and tail‐end separation of germs. Although the corn oil does not take part in starch fermentation into ethanol, the implication of the front‐end degermination in dry‐grind corn process on downstream product recovery is an essential consideration in bioethanol yield. Process improvement has taken a further step to increase the ethanol yield and rate by processing alpha‐amylase corn, providing critical nutrients and superior yeast. Conclusions Corn ethanol production, quality of coproducts, germ separation, and oil recovery have been enhanced with component recovery either before or after fermentation. However, the economic aspects of the corn bioprocessing advancements need to be further evaluated for commercial implications. Significance and novelty This review summarizes the current knowledge about the significant corn processing methods. It critically reviews germ fractionation, its role in the processing parameters, and the potential for increased value‐added products such as corn oil.

show abstract

Simultaneous Determination of Free Phytosterols and Tocopherols in Vegetable Oils by an Improved SPE–GC–FID Method

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Specialty seeds: Nutrients, bioactives, bioavailability, and health benefits: A comprehensive review

Specialty seeds: Nutrients, bioactives, bioavailability, and health benefits: A comprehensive review

Novel Fast Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric Quantitative Approach for the Determination of Plant-Extracted Phytosterols and Tocopherols

Front‐end corn germ separation: Process variations and effects on downstream products recovery and quality

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About