Simultaneous determination of nine antiretroviral compounds in human plasma using liquid chromatography

Turner, Michele; Reed-Walker, Kedria; King, Jennifer R.; Acosta, Edward P.

doi:10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00822-x

Cited by 79 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Assays for indinavir, nelfinavir, and the nelfinavir M8 metabolite were performed using validated highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV methodology [15].…”

Section: Plasma Drug Level Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time to virologic response was 17.8 weeks [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] for acute/ early versus 14.3 weeks [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] for advanced patients (P = 0.22). Mean time to less than 500 (<2.70 log 10 ) and less than 5000 (<3.70 log 10 ) copies per milliliter was 11.2 weeks [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] versus 5.7 [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]…”

Section: Extended Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we found no significant difference in first phase clearance between groups, although there was a trend in advanced patients for higher mean protease inhibitor levels to correlate with more rapid virologic suppression [for indinavir (r = 0.82) and nelfinavir (r = 0.42) but not the nelfinavir metabolite (r = −0.24)]. Overall, patients with cases of undetectable levels of either protease inhibitor had longer mean time to treatment response (19.6 weeks) [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] compared with patients with always-detectable levels (15.6 weeks) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment response in acute/early infection versus advanced AIDS: equivalent first and second phases of HIV RNA decline

Kilby¹,

Lee

Hazelwood³

et al. 2008

Aids

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Objective-Compare the initial phases of virologic decay when acute/early and advanced HIVinfected adults are administered the same treatment regimen.Design-Mathematical modeling of a previously completed prospective treatment pilot study involving treatment-naive patients with early and advanced immunosuppression.Methods-We analyzed data from a treatment protocol in which 18 individuals with acute or recent HIV-1 seroconversion and six patients with advanced AIDS were administered the same four-drug antiretroviral regimen. Initial treatment responses were compared by fitting a mathematical model to frequent viral load measurements in order to calculate the first and second phase kinetics of viral clearance, and also by comparing viral load suppression over 24 weeks. Patients were also comprehensively compared in terms of protease inhibitor drug levels, HIVspecific immune responses at baseline, and the presence of drug resistance-conferring mutations.Results-There was no statistically meaningful difference in first phase clearance of comparable high-level viremia in the two groups, whether protease inhibitor levels were inserted into the model or 100% antiviral drug effectiveness was assumed. In contrast, acute/early patients had inferior sustained responses than advanced patients, reflecting erratic adherence.Conclusions-Despite many years of intervening immune destruction, the initial virologic decay on therapy appears to be the same at the extremes of the HIV disease spectrum. [6]. The natural history of untreated infection then involves years of clinical stability, followed by inexorable CD4+ Tcell count decline (reviewed in [7]). In the advanced immunosuppression setting, antiretroviral therapy (ART) results in rapid plasma viremia decline, CD4+ T-cell count improvement, and decreased disease progression and mortality [8]. Treatment during acute seroconversion also hastens the viremia decline beyond the natural equilibration seen in untreated patients [9,10], but there is no consensus regarding the long-term risks and benefits of early treatment [7,8,11].Very limited data directly compare treatment responses among individuals with early and late stage disease. It remains unclear whether comparably high viremia levels observed at the opposite ends of the disease spectrum would decline at the same rate in response to identical treatment interventions. Previously, we completed a pathogenesis-driven study involving both acute/early and highly advanced HIV-infected patients [12]. We revisited this unique dataset to compare and contrast treatment responses at the disease spectrum extremes. We hypothesized that virologic suppression would be more rapid and complete during acute than advanced disease, perhaps because of rescue of immune clearance mechanisms [13] or incomplete population of viral reservoirs [14]. MethodsAll studies were approved by the Institutional Review Board. Eligibility required no prior ART, Karnofsky performance of at least 80, and safety laboratory results were within acceptable rang...

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“…Assays for indinavir, nelfinavir, and the nelfinavir M8 metabolite were performed using validated highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV methodology [15].…”

Section: Plasma Drug Level Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extended Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Treatment response in acute/early infection versus advanced AIDS: equivalent first and second phases of HIV RNA decline

Kilby¹,

Lee

Hazelwood³

et al. 2008

Aids

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“…On the contrary, reverse phase highperformance liquid chromatographic with ultraviolet detector (RP-HPLC-UV) method is feasible due to its easy accessibility and low cost. Also, many HPLC-UV methods for determination of plasma efavirenz (23,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31) or simultaneous determination with other drugs such as anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) agents or other antiretroviral agents (24,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50) have been reported. In most of these methods, the volumes of plasma used range from 200 to 900 μL (23,(26)(27)(28)33,34,(44)(45)(46), which were inapplicable for children due to the scarcity of sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple, rapid, economical, and practical method for the determination of efavirenz in plasma of Chinese AIDS patients by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector

Yin

Meng

Dong

et al. 2014

BST

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“…This is because of its long half-life, which means effective concentrations are maintained for long periods. 3 Several methods are described in literature for the quantification of efavirenz in biological fluids by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] HPLC with fluorescence detector, 23 liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS), 24 liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry in tandem detection(LC-MS/MS) [25][26][27][28][29] and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization with time-of-flight in tandem detection (MALDI-TOF/ TOF). 30 When sample throughput is an important issue, such as in pharmacokinetic applications, the development of rugged methods with short analysis times becomes an important consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensitive and robust lc-ms/ms method with monolithic column and electrospray ionization for the quantitation of efavirenz in human plasma: application to a bioequivalence study

Bedor¹,

Filho²,

Ramos³

et al. 2011

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 12/7/10; aceito em 17/12/10; publicado na web em 25/3/11An LC-MS/MS method has been developed for the determination of efavirenz (EFZ) in human plasma using hydrochlorothiazide as internal standard (I.S.). An ESI negative mode with multiple reaction-monitoring was used monitoring the transitions m/z 313.88→69.24 (EFZ) and 296.02→204.76 (I.S.). Samples were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction. The total run time was 2.0 min. The separation was achieved with HPLC-RP using a monolithic column. The assay was linear in the concentration range of 100 -5000 ng mL -1 . The mean recovery was 83%. Intra-and inter-day precision were < 9.5% and < 8.9%, respectively and accuracy was in the range ± 8.33%. The method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study.

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Simultaneous determination of nine antiretroviral compounds in human plasma using liquid chromatography

Cited by 79 publications

References 8 publications

Treatment response in acute/early infection versus advanced AIDS: equivalent first and second phases of HIV RNA decline

Treatment response in acute/early infection versus advanced AIDS: equivalent first and second phases of HIV RNA decline

A simple, rapid, economical, and practical method for the determination of efavirenz in plasma of Chinese AIDS patients by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector

A sensitive and robust lc-ms/ms method with monolithic column and electrospray ionization for the quantitation of efavirenz in human plasma: application to a bioequivalence study

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