Simultaneous electrochemical determination of levodopa and piroxicam using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a ZnO–Pd/CNT nanocomposite

Karimi-Maleh, Hassan; Sheikhshoaie, Iran; Samadzadeh, Ali

doi:10.1039/c8ra03460e

Cited by 49 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Table shows the recovery of RZB in the mentioned samples. The excellent precision and reliability of the electrochemical sensor were demonstrated by the results …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Gr/αFe₂O₃/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

et al. 2019

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In this research, a new electrochemical sensor was proposed for determining rizatriptan benzoate (RZB) with high sensitivity.To this end, a nanocomposite consisting of graphene (Gr) and hematite iron oxide (αFe 2 O 3 ) was used to modify a carbon paste electrode (CPE). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was employed to study the morphology of the fabricated electrode; cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were utilized to evaluate the modified electrode's capabilities. The findings demonstrated the high sensitivity of the designed electrode in the determination of RZB. In addition, to optimize the response of the electrochemical sensor, changes in the voltammetric behavior of RZB under different scan rates and pH conditions were explored. The results showed that under optimal conditions, RZB concentrations between 2 and 50 μM induced an oxidation anodic peak current that could detect the substance with a low limit of merely 0.42 μM. The findings of the present study demonstrated the fabricated electrode high sensitivity, low detection limit, wide linear dynamic range, remarkable reproducibility, rapid response, and high current peak response in detecting various concentrations of RZB. Furthermore, a kinetically facile system with minimal charge transfer resistance and adequate RZB diffusion was present on the electrode surface. Finally, the proposed electrode was successfully utilized in the detection of RZB in various samples.

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“…Table shows the recovery of RZB in the mentioned samples. The excellent precision and reliability of the electrochemical sensor were demonstrated by the results …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Gr/αFe₂O₃/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

et al. 2019

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“…In 2018, Karimi‐Maleh et al 43 prepared an electrochemical sensor based on GCE modified with ZnO‐Pd/CNT nanocomposite (GCE/ZnO‐Pd/CNTs). This sensor was used for the simultaneous determination of L‐dopa and piroxicam.…”

Section: Electrochemical Sensors For Determination Of L‐dopamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that the peak current response has changed slightly and demonstrated good stability of the sensor. The GCE/ZnO‐Pd/CNTs was able to determine L‐dopa and piroxicam in urine and blood samples using the standard addition method 43 …”

Section: Electrochemical Sensors For Determination Of L‐dopamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review. Electrochemical sensors used in the determination of L‐Dopa

Georgescu

Staden

2021

Electrochemical Science Adv

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This review is presenting the design and performance of some electrochemical sensors used for the determination of L‐dopa in real samples as reported in a series of relevant scientific papers published in the past 5 years. L‐dopa was intensively studied using electrochemical sensors with applications in the biomedical field, pharmaceutical field and food industry. The determination of L‐dopa is of great importance, due to the fact that it can cross the blood brain barrier (which dopamine can't) and then can be converted to dopamine. Thus, it can be used in treating some disease, such as Parkinson's. Because fast detective methods for L‐dopa determination are required, this paper focused on four types of electrochemical sensors, such as modified carbon paste electrodes, modified glassy carbon electrodes, modified screen‐printed electrodes and modified indium tin oxide electrodes. Each has its advantages and disadvantages and the appropriate sensor should be used depending on the type of application.

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“…To test the ability of the obtained system, a model drug, piroxicam, was incorporated into the nanogel particles. Piroxicam, while showing strong analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activity [36][37][38], is only sparingly soluble in water (solubility 2.2 × 10 −5 M) [39,40]. Thus our novel delivery nanogel was verified as a suitable carrier to facilitate its delivery.…”

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confidence: 90%

Nanohydrogels Based on Self-Assembly of Cationic Pullulan and Anionic Dextran Derivatives for Efficient Delivery of Piroxicam

et al. 2019

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A cationic derivative of pullulan was obtained by grafting reaction and used together with dextran sulfate to form polysaccharide-based nanohydrogel cross-linked via electrostatic interactions between polyions. Due to the polycation-polyanion interactions nanohydrogel particles were formed instantly and spontaneously in water. The nanoparticles were colloidally stable and their size and surface charge could be controlled by the polycation/polyanion ratio. The morphology of the obtained particles was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The resulting structures were spherical, with hydrodynamic diameters in the range of 100-150 nm. The binding constant (K a ) of a model drug, piroxicam, to the cationic pullulan (C-PUL) was determined by spectrophotometric measurements. The value of K a was calculated according to the Benesi-Hildebrand equation to be (3.6 ± 0.2) × 10 3 M −1 . After binding to cationic pullulan, piroxicam was effectively entrapped inside the nanohydrogel particles and released in a controlled way. The obtained system was efficiently taken up by cells and was shown to be biocompatible.Pharmaceutics 2019, 11, 622 2 of 16 bioactive compound (e.g., low molecular weight drugs, proteins, DNA or RNA) and release it in a controlled way [5][6][7][8]. In order to adjust the release profile of a bioactive substance to the needs of the therapy the ability of nanogels to respond to the microenvironmental stimuli such as light, magnetic field, changes in ionic strength, pH, temperature, or redox potential, are often exploited [9][10][11][12][13]. For example, sodium alginate was combined with N-isopropylacrylamide to obtain a dual-responsive system for oxytetracycline delivery, where the drug release could be effectively controlled by both pH and temperature [14]. Chitosan based nanogel which showed pH-dependent drug release which mimicked the skin cancer micro-environment was very recently proposed by Sahu et al. [15].It is, however, worth noticing, that many of the studied nanogel systems are based on the combination of polysaccharide and synthetic polymer, which often makes them less biocompatible. Other large group of nanogels is made by the hydrophobic modifications of polysaccharides. For these polymers the formation of the stable nanogel usually requires additional steps (solvent removal, heating, ionotrpic gelation, cross-linking).Pullulan is a natural polysaccharide produced from starch by the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. This water-soluble polymer has a linear structure consisting of repeating maltotriose units [16]. Due to its ordered structure pullulan has film-forming ability, considerable mechanical strengths and adhesiveness, thus it is widely used as a component of composite polymer materials, in the construction of electrospun fibres and gels [16][17][18]. The latter are usually obtained by chemical cross-linking [19], a highly universal method which allows to obtain hydrogels and nanohydrogels with high mec...

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Simultaneous electrochemical determination of levodopa and piroxicam using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a ZnO–Pd/CNT nanocomposite

Abstract: A highly conductive electrochemical sensor was constructed for the simultaneous electrochemical determination of levodopa and piroxicam by modification of a glassy carbon electrode with a ZnO–Pd/CNT nanocomposite (GCE/ZnO–Pd/CNTs).

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

A Gr/αFe₂O₃/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

A Gr/αFe₂O₃/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

Review. Electrochemical sensors used in the determination of L‐Dopa

Nanohydrogels Based on Self-Assembly of Cationic Pullulan and Anionic Dextran Derivatives for Efficient Delivery of Piroxicam

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Simultaneous electrochemical determination of levodopa and piroxicam using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a ZnO–Pd/CNT nanocomposite

Abstract: A highly conductive electrochemical sensor was constructed for the simultaneous electrochemical determination of levodopa and piroxicam by modification of a glassy carbon electrode with a ZnO–Pd/CNT nanocomposite (GCE/ZnO–Pd/CNTs).

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

A Gr/αFe2O3/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

A Gr/αFe2O3/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

Review. Electrochemical sensors used in the determination of L‐Dopa

Nanohydrogels Based on Self-Assembly of Cationic Pullulan and Anionic Dextran Derivatives for Efficient Delivery of Piroxicam

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A Gr/αFe₂O₃/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug

A Gr/αFe₂O₃/Carbon Paste Electrode Developed as an Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Rizatriptan Benzoate: An Antimigraine Drug