Simultaneous enantiomeric analysis of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water, river sediment, and sludge using chiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

A sensitive and reliable analytical method for the simultaneous enantiomeric analysis of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water, river sediment, and sludge was established.

Analysis, fate and toxicity of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in wastewaters and the environment: a review

“…This can lead to the underestimation or overestimation of the associated environmental risk if enantiospecific toxicity exists. Nevertheless, an improved understanding on the importance of drug stereochemistry has resulted in more exposure and effect-driven studies of NSAIDs undertaken at the enantiomeric level (Camacho-Muñoz et al 2019;Yuan et al 2018). This has been possible by the improvements in analytical methodologies capable of enantioselective determination at the ng L −1 concentrations found in the environment.…”

“…Here, three functional groups around the stereogenic centre of one of the enantiomers undergo molecular interactions with the chiral stationary phase (Berthod 2006). A variety of chiral stationary phases have been utilized for enantioseparation of NSAIDs including derivatized polysaccharides (Camacho-Muñoz et al 2016;Li et al 2020;Ma et al 2019;Wang et al 2018;Yuan et al 2018), glycopeptides (Camacho-Muñoz and Kasprzyk-Hordern 2017), glycoproteins (Camacho-Muñoz and Kasprzyk-Hordern 2015) and Pirkletype columns (Caballo et al 2015a;Coelho et al 2019).…”

“…Separation of carprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, indoprofen, ketoprofen, laxoprofen, naproxen and pranoprofen has all been achieved by polysaccharide phases (Table 2). Separation of NSAIDs is achieved in reversed phase mode under isocratic (Li et al 2020;Ma et al 2019;Yuan et al 2018) and gradient elution mode (Camacho-Muñoz et al 2016;Wang et al 2018). Mobile phases typically consist of MS compatible, i.e.…”

“…thermally labile, aqueous ammonium buffers such as formate or acetate, and organic modifiers such as acetonitrile or methanol. The type and concentration of buffer as well as the organic modifier influence enantioseparations (Camacho-Muñoz et al 2016;Li et al 2020;Ma et al 2019;Wang et al 2018;Yuan et al 2018). For example, Li et al (2020) reported a reduction in organic modifier of acetonitrile from 50 to 35% approximately doubled the flurbiprofen R S on an amylose tris-(3-chlorophenylcarbamate) phase.…”

“…Such effects can be easily corrected using deuterated surrogates in the analysis process. However, several methods report the use of matrix matched calibrations without deuterated surrogates/internal standards to account for these matrix effects (Li et al 2019;Ma et al 2019;Wang et al 2018;Yuan et al 2018) (Table 2). This quantification approach needs care, particularly in monitoring studies where the composition of (Kruve et al 2008).…”