Simultaneous enantioselective analysis of illicit drugs in wastewater and surface water by chiral LC–MS/MS: A pilot study on a wastewater treatment plant and its receiving river

An overview of chiral separations of pharmaceutically active substances by HPLC (2018–2020)

“…The results obtained showed a better overall efficiency of the Chiralpak CBH column [86]. A Chiralpak CBH column was also selected for the analysis of illicit drugs in wastewater and surface water to develop a method for daily monitoring of these compounds [87]. Enantioselective separation of eight antihistamines and chiral separation of pheniramine and its enantioselective pharmacokinetics in rat plasma were performed on an alpha-1-acid glycoprotein-based Chiralpak AGP column [88,89].…”

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

“…Wang et al 71 developed an enantioselective method for quantifying amphetamine-type chiral illicit drugs (CIDs) in wastewater and surface water. Water samples were subjected to SPE and then measured via LC-MS/MS.…”

Environmentally friendly analytical method to assess enantioselective behaviour of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in river waters

“…Methods are typically limited to a few analytes and no previous method has been developed to include simultaneous separation of both pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Existing methods for enantioselective analysis of pharmaceuticals or pesticides in environmental matrices is achieved using chiral stationary phases and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (Li et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013;Camacho-Muñoz and Kasprzyk-Hordern, 2015;Zhao et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2021a). These methods use toxic solvents such as methanol or acetonitrile as the organic modifier.…”

“…UPLC also offers the benefits of improved sensitivity, resolution, lower solvent consumption and shorter analysis times. Performing chiral UPLC analysis is realistic for many researchers working in this area as they already use UPLC instrumentation, albeit with enantioslective HPLC columns (e.g., see Li et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013;Camacho-Muñoz and Kasprzyk-Hordern, 2015;Zhao et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2021a). Although chiral UPLC has been applied to the separation for a small number of pesticides (napropamide, metalaxyl, metconazole and triticonazole) in environmental matrices (Yao et al, 2018), it has not been used for multi-residue analysis.…”

“…Existing methods for the determination of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in river water typically use a sample preconcentration step which requires organic solvents (e.g., solid phase extraction) and considerable sample volumes (up to 200 mL per replicate) to reach adequate detection limits (Li et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013;Camacho-Muñoz and Kasprzyk-Hordern, 2015;Zhao et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2021a). However, the increased sensitivity of modern MS/MS detectors has seen several methods which achieve sufficient sensitivity using a straightforward direct injection process (Campos-Mañas et al, 2017;Mosekiemang et al, 2019;Renai et al, 2021).…”