Simultaneous energy harvesting and vibration attenuation in piezo-embedded negative stiffness metamaterial

Abstract

Mechanical metamaterials are uniquely engineered form of periodically arranged unit cells that exhibit interesting frequency-dependent physical properties like negative effective mass, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. These extreme engineering properties are beyond the natural properties of a material, which can modulate the propagation of wave. In this article, a mechanical realization of one of these uncommon properties called negative stiffness is emulated through analytical simulation. Wave propagation in metamaterials is contingent on frequency, which in turn results in transmission and attenuation bands. Simultaneous vibration control and energy harvesting can be executed by embedding energy harvesting smart material within the resonating units of the metamaterial. However, this needs careful design studies to outline the range of parameters. In this work, first, the band structure of a piezo-embedded negative stiffness metamaterial is studied using generalized Bloch’s theorem. Subsequently, harvested power along with the transmissibility is computed for a chain of finite number of metamaterial units by using backward substitution method. The results of the parametric studies elucidate that piezo-embedded negative stiffness metamaterial can enhance the performance in terms of vibration attenuation and harvested energy.

Voltage-dependent modulation of elastic moduli in lattice metamaterials: Emergence of a programmable state-transition capability

“…In this section we derive the deformation mechanics of an individual piezo-embedded beam element under the application of voltage. It may be noted in this context that piezoelectric materials are widely known for their sensing, actuation, vibration control and energy harvesting related applications (Dwivedi et al, 2020;Crawley and de Luist, 1987;Lee et al, 2004;Iyer et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2017). In order to model the beams, different mathematical theories for bending and extension (such as uniform strain and Euler-Bernoulli) have been proposed (Crawley and Anderson, 1990).…”

“…it is not possible to modulate the elastic properties in a single lattice once it is manufactured. In this article, we aim to propose a hybrid lattice microstructure by integrating piezo-electric materials (Dwivedi et al, 2020;Crawley and Anderson, 1990) with the members of the lattice for active voltage-dependent modulation of elastic properties. A multi-physics based analytical framework leading to closed-form formulae will be derived for hexagonal lattices to demonstrate the concept of active lattices.…”

Brillouin-zone characterization of piezoelectric material intrinsic energy-harvesting availability

“…Simultaneous vibration suppression and energy harvesting may also be realized, as demonstrated by Hu et al [59,60]. A more recent study by Dwivedi et al [61] also explored simultaneous vibration attenuation and energy harvesting in an elastic metamaterial. The metamaterial employed exhibited negative stiffness and consisted of an energy-harvesting 'smart material' embedded within the resonating units.…”

Energy harvesting using the edge-state phenomena

“…In addition to that, to cater the ever increasing demand of clean and green energy, its relevance is also extensively investigated as an alternative means of harvesting renewable energy from various sources such as wind (Adhikari et al, 2020), wave (Wu et al, 2015), and tide (Xie et al, 2014). Advent of the periodic structures and metamaterial enables researchers toward simultaneous energy harvesting and vibration control (Banerjee and Bera, 2022;Dwivedi et al, 2020b;Hu et al, 2021;Wen et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2021a). However, the presence of piezo-electric in every unit cell of the piezo embedded periodic structures or metamaterials or flexoelectric composites is a common trend (Dwivedi et al, 2020a;Ghasemi et al, 2017Ghasemi et al, , 2018Hu et al, 2017).…”