Simultaneous extraction of five phenolic acids in fruits using ultrasound assisted aqueous two phase system based on polyethylene glycol-ionic liquid-sodium carbonate

Improvement effect of p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene on the performance of the PEG/salt aqueous two-phase system

“…It has been reported that the enhancement of PEG/salt ATPS performance by [C n mim]Br is limited, 9,11–13 which is also seen from Fig. 7.…”

“…It should be mentioned here that the adjuvants used so far (including CTAB, AOT, ionic liquids, and acetonitrile) may inhibit the migration of the target molecules into the polymer phase or show a limited effect on the distribution of the target molecules in ATPS. 4,5,9,11–14 This study indicates that SC[4] and SC[4]-based supra-amphiphiles improve the extraction performance of the ATPS effectively. Furthermore, Fig.…”

“…However, the enhancement effect of these adjuvants on the formation and behavior of ATPSs is usually limited, and the additives can even reduce the extraction ability of ATPSs. 4–14…”

“…[1][2][3][4] However, to date, the application of the most common ATPSs, consisting of a polymer and a salt, is still limited because of the restricted difference in polarities between the two phases. 5 Recently, adjuvants including hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), 6,7 dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium (AOT), 8 ionic liquids, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and acetonitrile 16 were introduced into polymer/salt ATPSs to enhance the ATPS performance. However, the enhancement effect of these adjuvants on the formation and behavior of ATPSs is usually limited, and the additives can even reduce the extraction ability of ATPSs.…”

Quantitative Relation between Ionic Diffusivity and Ionic Association in Ionic Liquid–Water Mixtures

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) are fluids composed entirely of cations and anions, which are well-known as a promising green solvent/electrolyte in many fields due to their excellent physicochemical properties such as high thermal stability, wide electrochemical potential window, negligible vaporization, and nonflammability. − However, the applications often suffer from high viscosities of ILs compared to conventional solvents, which can lead to slow mass transfer processes, for example, low ionic conductivities in energy storage devices of ILs. One common approach to improve ionic transport is to mix the IL with another low-viscosity solvent, for example, water, which is cheap, safe, and environmentally friendly.…”