Simultaneous Formation of Ultrahigh Surface Area and Three‐Dimensional Hierarchical Porous Graphene‐Like Networks for Fast and Highly Stable Supercapacitors

Li, Yunyong; Li, Ze-Sheng; Shen, Pei Kang

doi:10.1002/adma.201205332

Cited by 691 publications

(381 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Since surface‐bound vertically oriented carbon nanosheets were initially discovered by direct current (dc) arc discharge evaporation of graphite,69 PECVD with different plasma sources such as MW plasma,70, 71 dc plasma,72, 73, 74 RF plasma,65, 75, 76, 77 their combinations with different reactor configurations78, 79, 80 have also been used for the growth of VG nanosheets. The morphology and structure of VG nanosheers produced by PECVD are strongly dependent on the types of plasma sources66, 67, 73, 79, 81, 82, 83 and a series of operating parameters, including the feedstock gas type84, 85, 86, 87 (CH x ( x = 1–3), CF 4 , CHF 3 , or C 2 F 6 ), gas composition and proportion,69, 86, 88, 89 the substrate species90 and temperature,75, 76, 80, 91 the operating pressure73, 76 and the growth time,75, 76 and the plasma power 67, 76, 92…”

Section: Plasma‐enhanced Controllable Growth Of Vg Nanosheetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porous carbon materials with high specific surface area such as activated carbon (AC), mesoporous carbon, and CNTs have been widely used as active materials in supercapacitors 131, 132, 133. GNWs is developed as an alternative supercapacitors' active materials in view of its high surface area, high conductivity and low contact resistance Its unique vertical structure facilitate the diffusion of ions 82, 134, 135, 136. Compared with other porous materials (ACs and graphene stacks), GNWs‐based supercapacitors show excellent capacitive behaviors even at relatively high frequencies.…”

Section: Applications Of Graphene Grown By Pecvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controllable Synthesis of Graphene by Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Related Applications

et al. 2016

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Graphene and its derivatives hold a great promise for widespread applications such as field‐effect transistors, photovoltaic devices, supercapacitors, and sensors due to excellent properties as well as its atomically thin, transparent, and flexible structure. In order to realize the practical applications, graphene needs to be synthesized in a low‐cost, scalable, and controllable manner. Plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is a low‐temperature, controllable, and catalyst‐free synthesis method suitable for graphene growth and has recently received more attentions. This review summarizes recent advances in the PECVD growth of graphene on different substrates, discusses the growth mechanism and its related applications. Furthermore, the challenges and future development in this field are also discussed.

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Section: Plasma‐enhanced Controllable Growth Of Vg Nanosheetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Graphene Grown By Pecvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Synthesis of Graphene by Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Related Applications

et al. 2016

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“…The pore-size distribution and pore volume were obtained following the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method [29], and the specific surface area was obtained with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method [30]. Figure 10 shows the typical nitrogen gas adsorption and desorption isotherm of insulating paper.…”

Section: Oil Absorption Ability Of Paper Associated With Pores and Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakdown Voltage and Its Influencing Factors of Thermally Aged Oil-Impregnated Paper at Pulsating DC Voltage

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:Breakdown strength is an important electrical property of insulating paper. Oil-impregnated paper of various aging states was prepared. Its breakdown voltage was then measured at pulsating direct current (DC) voltage with various ripple factors, and alternating current (AC) and DC voltage for comparison, respectively. The AC breakdown voltage is the smallest, and pulsating DC (r = 1/5) breakdown voltage is the greatest before the paper reaches its end of life. A dielectric model was adopted to investigate the difference in magnitude of breakdown voltage at different voltage waveforms. Meanwhile, it was found that breakdown voltage fluctuated and even increased occasionally during the thermal aging process, and a somewhat opposite changing tendency versus aging time was observed for breakdown voltage at DC voltage and pulsating DC voltage with small ripple factors (r = 1/5 and 1/3), compared with AC voltage. The degree of polymerization (DP) and moisture content of the paper were measured, and the characteristics of the pores and cracks of the paper were obtained to investigate the possible influencing factors of breakdown voltage at different aging states. The results showed that the moisture content, oil absorption ability associated with pores and cracks of paper, and the damage to paper structure all contributed to the variation of the breakdown voltage versus aging time, while the importance of their influence differed as the aging state of paper varied.

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“…The highest capacitance of 275 F g À1 were achieved for the PRGO films at scan rate of 10 mV s À1 , which are exceptionally higher than the values of the GO films (103 F g À1 ), the CCG films (146 F g À1 ) and those reported previously for graphene. 23,28,31 Furthermore, on increasing the scan rate up to 1000 mV s À1 , the specific capacitance remain stable at 167 F g À1 , highlighting the excellent rate capability of PRGO films. We compared the capacitance performances of the PRGO films with those of recent research works focused on graphene-based films for supercapacitors by examining the data presented in Supplementary Tables S2 and S3.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Prgo Films Y Shao Et Almentioning

confidence: 89%

“…2,23,24 Recently, graphene-based macroscopic films have received increasing attention for use in electrochemical energy storage applications. [25][26][27][28][29] Despite these examples of significant progress, most of the studies of graphene-based films for use in supercapacitors to date involved the fabrication of free-standing graphene films or the preparation of electrodes with the binder first and then the transfer of the electrode film onto current collector (conductive substrate, for example, platinum, gold or copper foil); such processes introduce high contact resistance between the electrode and the current collector, which result in significant loss of storage and transmission capacity. Our PRGO films are directly coated onto conductive substrate, which advantageously minimizes the contact resistance, thus enabling the double-layer charges to be conveniently transferred to the current collector to cause the partial reduction of GO films and to further enhance the capacitance performance.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Prgo Films Y Shao Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of large-area and high-crystallinity photoreduced graphene oxide films via reconstructed two-dimensional multilayer structures

et al. 2014

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Graphene, the last representative sp 2 carbon material to be isolated, acts as an ideal material platform for constructing flexible electronic devices. Exploring a new method to fabricate high-quality graphene films with high throughput is essential for achieving greater performance with flexible electronic devices. Here, we report a facile coating and subsequent illumination method for mass-fabricating highly crystalline photoreduced graphene oxide (PRGO) films directly onto conductive substrates. The direct fabrication of PRGO films onto Cu foils with partial oxygenated groups, an intensive stacked highly crystalline structure, and reduced graphene oxide regions enable significant performance enhancements when used as supercapacitor electrodes compared with other graphene-only devices, exhibiting high specific capacitances of 275 F g À1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s À1 and 167 F g À1 at 1 V g À1 with excellent rate capability. The as-established all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors exhibit superior flexibility and robust mechanical stability, resulting in a capacitance delay of only 2% after performing 100 bending cycles. The demonstrated PRGO films provide a promising material platform to realize a broad range of applications related to flexible electronics devices. INTRODUCTIONFlexible electronic devices have garnered considerable attention because of the benefits enabled by large-area, lightweight, flexible electrode films, which have the potential to enable unique advances in future mobile applications, such as wearable displays, roll-up solar cells, electronic skin and flexible energy storage. 1,2 Graphene films containing a few layers or multiple layers of two-dimensional graphene sheets are prominent contenders as attractive components for use in flexible electronic devices due to their high conductivity, chemical stability and mechanical flexibility. 3,4 For the practical applications of graphene in these fields, scalable production of macroscopic-scale graphene films is required rather than the current micrometer-sized graphene sheets. To date, the synthesis of large-scale flexible graphene films has mainly been demonstrated by two approaches. One approach is the 'bottom-up' synthesis strategy, by which high-quality graphene can be prepared using chemical vapor deposition to grow graphene at high temperature, followed by a transfer procedure to place graphene films onto flexible substrates; 5 however, this method is not sufficiently cost-and time-effective to be commercially viable for mass production and requires a difficult post-functionalization step to produce the appropriate graphene films. Another approach is the 'top-down' method, that is, solution

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Simultaneous Formation of Ultrahigh Surface Area and Three‐Dimensional Hierarchical Porous Graphene‐Like Networks for Fast and Highly Stable Supercapacitors

Abstract: A new one-step ion-exchange/activation combination method using a metal-ion exchanged resin as a carbon precursor is used to prepare a ultrahigh surface area and three-dimensional hierarchical porous graphene-like networks for fast and highly stable supercapacitors.

Cited by 691 publications

References 46 publications

Controllable Synthesis of Graphene by Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Related Applications

Controllable Synthesis of Graphene by Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Related Applications

Breakdown Voltage and Its Influencing Factors of Thermally Aged Oil-Impregnated Paper at Pulsating DC Voltage

Fabrication of large-area and high-crystallinity photoreduced graphene oxide films via reconstructed two-dimensional multilayer structures

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