Simultaneous Measurement of Seawater Temperature and Salinity Based on Microfiber MZ Interferometer With a Knot Resonator

Liao, Yipeng; Wang, Jing; Wang, Shanshan; Yang, Hang; Wang, Xin

doi:10.1109/jlt.2016.2615640

Cited by 69 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The device can be used for simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index using the relationship matrix between the different measured parameters. The proposed sensor is more compact and stable than similar reported structures [19], [20], since the MZI relies on a single taper structure and not on a second fiber tip connected through Van der Waals forces. Structures like [19] and [20] which use coupling between two microfibers can be very fragile and unstable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Microfiber Knot with Taper Interferometer for temperature and refractive index discrimination

Gomes

Frazão

2017

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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A compact sensing structure using two distinct optical devices, a microfiber knot resonator and an abrupt taper-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), is presented. The device was fabricated using only CO 2 laser processing. The transmission spectrum presents two different components with different sensitivities to different physical and chemical parameters. The sensor was characterized in temperature and refractive index. For temperature sensing in water, the MZI component presents a sensitivity of −196 ± 2 pm/°C while the microfiber knot resonator (MKR) component shows a sensitivity of 25.1 ± 0.9 pm/°C, for water temperature variations of 12°C. Sensitivities of 1354 ± 14 nm/RIU and −43 ± 4 nm/RIU were achieved for refractive index sensing for the MZI and the MKR components, respectively, in a refractive index range from 1.32823 to 1.33001. The matrix method was used for the simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Recently, several configurations using MZIs have been demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index [14]- [18]. In the last year, a microfiber MZI with a knot resonator was presented for the same purpose [19], [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfiber Knot with Taper Interferometer for temperature and refractive index discrimination

Gomes

Frazão

2017

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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“…On this occasion, a suitable amount of salinity and a proper temperature are the premise of the experiment. These two physical parameters also mean a lot to oceanography, ocean dynamics, ocean-atmosphere interactions, and underwater communication [4]. The specific phenomenon, such as the internal wave, which can not only improve energy and nutrient exchange, but also affect marine facilities, is related to water temperature and salinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Temperature and Salinity Measurement Using Frequency Comb

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Water temperature and salinity are key parameters in many fields such as industry, forestry and agriculture. In this paper, we, theoretically and experimentally, demonstrate a method which is capable of water temperature and salinity measurement based on a laser frequency comb at 518 nm. We have developed a simple Michelson interferometer system. By scanning a mirror on a precision displacement platform, a pair of cross-correlation patterns can be obtained. The real-time optical distance information from these cross-correlation patterns can be used to calculate the optical distance difference changes. Temperature and salinity can be measured via these changes, aided by the empirical formulas. Compared with the reference values, our results show the differences of below 0.12 °C for temperature measurements, and 0.06 ‰ for salinity measurements. The obtained results indicate that our method can offer a powerful scheme for future temperature and salinity measurement.

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“…Refractive index (RI) of liquid is a basic quantity that can be applied to characterize the changes of many chemical and biological measurands, such as gas concentration 1 , seawater salinity 2 , PH values 3 , DNA 4 , glucose concentration in serum 5 , etc . Resulting from the important roles in the chemical and biological fields, developing sensitive optical RI detectors is of fundamental interest and great significance 6 – 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity-controllable refractive index sensor based on reflective θ-shaped microfiber resonator cooperated with Vernier effect

Luo

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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In this paper, we report a sensitivity-controllable refractive index (RI) sensor based on a reflective θ-shaped microfiber resonator cooperated with Vernier effect. The θ-shaped microfiber resonator is a reflective all-fiber device with comb spectrum under weak coupling condition. By cascading it with a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer, Vernier effect is generated to demodulate surrounding RI with enhanced sensitivity. Theoretical analysis reveals that RI sensitivity of the combined structure with Vernier effect is m times higher than the sensitivity of singular θ-shaped microfiber resonator. Moreover, by adjusting cavity length of the θ-shaped microfiber resonator, magnification factor M = (m + 1) can be tuned which enables the RI sensitivity to be controlled. Experimental result demonstrates that the RI sensitivity can be widely tuned from 311.77 nm/RIU (Reflective index unit) to 2460.07 nm/RIU when the cavity length of the θ-shaped microfiber resonator is adjusted from 9.4 mm to 8.7 mm. The θ-shaped microfiber resonator based all-fiber RI sensor featuring controllable sensitivity and compact size can be widely used for chemical and biological detections. The proposed scheme of generating Vernier effect also offers a universal idea to increase measurement sensitivity for optical fiber sensing structures with comb spectrum.

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Simultaneous Measurement of Seawater Temperature and Salinity Based on Microfiber MZ Interferometer With a Knot Resonator

Cited by 69 publications

References 27 publications

Microfiber Knot with Taper Interferometer for temperature and refractive index discrimination

Microfiber Knot with Taper Interferometer for temperature and refractive index discrimination

Water Temperature and Salinity Measurement Using Frequency Comb

Sensitivity-controllable refractive index sensor based on reflective θ-shaped microfiber resonator cooperated with Vernier effect

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