Simultaneous removal of PCDD/Fs and mercury by activated carbon from a full-scale MSW incinerator in southeast China

Wang, Peiyue; Lin, Xiaoqing; Xu, Shuaixi; Li, Xiaodong; Ma, Yunfeng; Liu, Weiping; Wu, Jiezhen; Ding, Jiamin

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-22425-x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Concretely, in EGBO and FA, the isomer fractions correspond to the level of similarity, ranging from 8.1 to 10.7% of OCDD, 12.2–13.2% of 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF, 25.5–26.2% of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and 24,4–26.6% of OCDF. However, in EGC from EWC, OCDD slightly increases to 32.5% and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF decreases to 13.2%, possibly due to the adsorption propensity of activated carbon …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Ash from lab-scale co-incineration of EW and biomass has a PCDD/F content of 0.77 ng I-TEQ/kg, slightly lower than that of FA from EWC. This phenomenon may be attributed to the removal effect by injected activated carbon in a bag filter . Giving insight into the soil from EW open burning sites, the PCDD/F content reaches a strikingly high level of 3.5–28.1 ng I-TEQ/g by long-term sedimentation of organic pollutants. , Co-incineration of EW reduces human exposure to the amassed PCDD/Fs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, in EGC from EWC, OCDD slightly increases to 32.5% and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF decreases to 13.2%, possibly due to the adsorption propensity of activated carbon. 42 In terms of I-TEQ fractions of toxic PCDD/Fs, it is noticeable that 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF occupy most, reaching 30.5−41.0% and 13.9−27.1%, respectively. The I-TEQ patterns of toxic PCDD/F isomers are analogous to those of mass fractions, as the influence of toxic equivalent factors (TEF, Table S3 in the Supporting Information) is finite.…”

Section: Influence Of E-waste Co-incineration On Toxic Pcdd/f Emissio...mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This phenomenon may be attributed to the removal effect by injected activated carbon in a bag filter. 42 Giving insight into the soil from EW open burning sites, the PCDD/F content reaches a strikingly high level of 3.5−28.1 ng I-TEQ/g by longterm sedimentation of organic pollutants. 17 Concretely, in EGBO and FA, the isomer fractions correspond to the level of similarity, ranging from 8.1 to 10.7% of OCDD, 12.2−13.2% of 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF, 25.5−26.2% of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and 24,4−26.6% of OCDF.…”

Section: Influence Of E-waste Co-incineration On Toxic Pcdd/f Emissio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inventory of PCDD/Fs and Fly Ash Characteristics during the e-Waste and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Incineration Process

et al. 2023

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In the face of a challenging situation for yearly e-waste (EW) increment and disposition, EW co-incineration (EWC) with municipal solid waste (MSW) is a promising solution whose emission characteristics remain unclear. This study is conducted in a 400 tons/day MSW incineration (MSWI) plant to characterize polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and fly ash (FA) properties. Analytical methods include high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) for PCDD/ F determination, as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), ion chromatography (IC), and leaching toxicity test for FA. The results indicate that toxic PCDD/F amounts are doubled by EWC in both primary exhaust gas (EG) and FA with international toxic equivalent quantity (I-TEQ) concentrations of 19.00 ± 6.32 ng I-TEQ/Nm 3 and 1.33 ± 0.56 ng I-TEQ/g. After the clean-up of the air pollution control system (APCS), emitted PCDD/Fs in solid and gas phases, as well as major air pollutants (CO, NO x , SO 2 , HCl, and particulate matter), are permissive within the limit values of national standards GB 18485-2014 and GB 16889-2008. Distribution patterns for 136 PCDD/F isomers are analogous in both MSWI and EWC conditions. De novo synthesis is always the major formation route for both EWC and MSWI conditions, while dibenzodioxin/dibenzofuran (DD/ DF) chlorination also contributes. The generation of 136 PCDD/Fs is enhanced by EWC, and the correlation coefficients of Cl and Cu in the fuel with the generation of 136 PCDD/F isomers are found to be R = 0.92 and 0.88, respectively. The main components in FA from MSWI and EWC differ less, both containing CaO, SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 . However, Cl and Cu contents, as well as leaching toxicity in FA are elevated by EW. Heavy metals, except for Cd, Ni, and Pb, meet the requirement of the standard.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Influence Of E-waste Co-incineration On Toxic Pcdd/f Emissio...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Influence Of E-waste Co-incineration On Toxic Pcdd/f Emissio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inventory of PCDD/Fs and Fly Ash Characteristics during the e-Waste and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Incineration Process

et al. 2023

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Recycling of waste honeycomb activated carbon by a regeneration–extrusion technology

Lei,

Zhuang,

Liu

et al. 2023

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Modification of activated carbon to enhance the absorption of PCDD/F and dl-PCBs emissions in flue gas in South Africa

Themba,

Sibali,

Chokwe

2024

Discov Appl Sci

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Activated carbon (AC) adsorption is commonly used for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) removal from flue gas. However, the AC available in the market predominantly possesses a substantial specific surface area and numerous micropores leading to significant variations in their adsorption characteristics. In this study, three types of activated carbon (AC) impregnated with different activating agents, namely K2CO3, KOH, and H3PO4 were evaluated for their effectiveness in removing PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs compounds. For dl-PCBs, AC impregnated with H3PO4 resulted in a substantial reduction of PCB concentrations with an impressive 98% reduction achieved. Impregnation with KOH proved even more effective attaining a remarkable 99% reduction. In contrast, impregnation with K2CO3 while still effective achieved a slightly lower reduction rate of 95%. For PCDD/F, LACH3PO4 showed selectivity in achieving high reductions across both CDD and CDF congeners however proved effective in reducing the ∑PCCDF from 403.94 ng/Nm3 to 3.463 ng/Nm3 and ∑TEQ from 41.34 ng I-TEQ/Nm3 to 0.35 ng I-TEQ Nm3. LACKOH proved effective in reducing the ∑PCCDF from 540.45 ng/Nm3 to 0.25 ng/Nm3 and ∑TEQ from 57.42 ng I-TEQ/Nm3 to 0.12 ng I-TEQ Nm3 obtaining the overall removal efficiency of 99.5%. While the LACKOH injections were successful in the absorption of PCDD/Fs from the gas phase, it was observed that certain PCDD/F congeners became desorbed and entrapped within the ash necessitating further treatment of the ash residue. The ash underwent a thermal treatment first at 300 °C and 500 °C. The thermal treatment at 500 °C achieved a remarkable degradation of 99.7% removal efficiency rendering the ash and residue safe for disposal in a landfill site. Graphical Abstract

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Simultaneous removal of PCDD/Fs and mercury by activated carbon from a full-scale MSW incinerator in southeast China

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Inventory of PCDD/Fs and Fly Ash Characteristics during the e-Waste and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Incineration Process

Inventory of PCDD/Fs and Fly Ash Characteristics during the e-Waste and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Incineration Process

Recycling of waste honeycomb activated carbon by a regeneration–extrusion technology

Modification of activated carbon to enhance the absorption of PCDD/F and dl-PCBs emissions in flue gas in South Africa

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