Simultaneous subchronic exposure to selenium and diazinon as possible risk factor for osteoporosis in adult male rats

Abstract

BackgroundOsteoporosis and its main health outcome, fragility fractures, are large and escalating health problems. Skeletal damage may be the critical result of low-level prolonged exposure to several xenobiotics in the general population, but the mechanisms of their adverse effects are not clearly understood. The current study was aimed to investigate the possible ability of simultaneous subchronic peroral administration of selenium (Se) and diazinon (DZN) to induce changes in bone of adult male rats.In our study, twenty 1-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups. In the first group, young males were exposed to 5 mg Na2SeO3/L and 40 mg of DZN/L in drinking water, for 90 days. Ten 1-month-old males without Se and DZN intoxication served as a control group. At the end of the experiment, macroscopic and microscopic structures of the femurs were analysed using analytical scales, sliding instrument, and polarized light microscopy.ResultsThe body weight, femoral length and cortical bone thickness were significantly decreased in rats simultaneously exposed to Se and DZN (P < 0.05). These rats also displayed different microstructure in the middle part of the compact bone where vascular canals expanded into central area of substantia compacta. The canals occurred only near endosteal surfaces in rats from the control group. Additionally, a smaller number of primary and secondary osteons, as well as a few resorption lacunae were observed near endosteal surfaces in rats simultaneously administered to Se and DZN. The resorption lacunae as typical structures of bone resorption manifestation are connected with an early stage of osteoporosis. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that area, perimeter, maximum and minimum diameters of primary osteons’ vascular canals were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the Se-DZN-exposed rats. On the other hand, all measured variables of Haversian canals and secondary osteons were considerable reduced (P < 0.05) in these rats.ConclusionsSimultaneous subchronic peroral exposure to Se and DZN induces changes in macroscopic and microscopic structures of the femurs in adult male rats, and also it can be considered as possible risk factor for osteoporosis. The current study contributes to the knowledge on damaging impact of several xenobiotics on the bone.

Developmental Exposure to the Flame Retardant Mixture Firemaster 550 Compromises Adult Bone Integrity in Male but not Female Rats

“…This phenomenon, in combination with significantly elevated body weight and left ventricle thickness observed in a prior, similar, study [6], suggests that overall metabolic health may be impaired. These data are consistent with numerous in vitro studies suggesting that FM 550, its components, and structurally related FRs, heighten adiposity at the expense of bone formation [10,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

“…For example, chlorpyrifos in combination with retinoic acid (RA), directs commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to adipogenic differentiation through a process involving a crosstalk at GSK3β signaling. Similarly, simultaneous subchronic oral exposure to selenium (5 mg) and diazinon (40 mg) in drinking water for 90 days induced changes in macroscopic and microscopic structures of adult male rat femurs including decreased femoral length and cortical bone thickness [38]. Because they contain acetylcholinesterase, MSC regulation and differentiation is thought to be disrupted by organophosphate pesticides via interference with acetylcholine signaling [39].…”

Arsenic, cadmium, and selenium exposures and bone mineral density-related endpoints: The HORTEGA study

“…Additional dose-response studies are needed to reproduce our findings. Our results, however, are consistent with some experimental studies in rats showing that Se deficit decreased tibia [51] and cortical femur [52] bone density. Se inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) production, which, essential for osteoclasts differentiation [21], and has been related to a beneficial effect on bone in rats [53].…”

Histological analysis of femoral bones in rabbits administered by amygdalin

“…It is generally known that the structure of primary and secondary osteons is different. Secondary osteons and also Haversian canals are surrounded by a cement line which is not found in primary osteons (Currey, 2002;Martiniaková et al, 2013b). We suppose that the cement line is a main reason for different results in histomorphometry of both canals.…”