Sinarachna nigricornis and genus-specific host utilization of Araneus spiders by the genus Sinarachna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Korenko, Stanislav; Černecká, Ľudmila; Dorková, Martina; Sýkora, Jakub; Gajdoš, Peter

doi:10.1636/joa-s-21-012

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This unique protection provided by the live spider host is lost when the final instar larva kills and consumes the spider to reach the next stage of its ontogeny, the pupal stage. Shortly before pupation, the larva may induce an alteration in the spider's web building behavior, resulting in the production of a "cocoon web, " a silk structure which serves as protection for the parasitoid pupa (Eberhard, 2000;Korenko and Pekár, 2011;Korenko et al, 2014Korenko et al, , 2018Korenko et al, , 2022Gonzaga et al, 2015;Kloss et al, 2016;Takasuka et al, 2017;Eberhard and Gonzaga, 2019). The architecture of cocoon webs often resembles that of molting webs of non-parasitized spiders (Eberhard and Gonzaga, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parasitoid manipulates the web building behavior of the spider host, which often builds a unique silk structure. Web manipulation by the parasitoid larva has been reported in a number of spider species (e.g., Kloss et al, 2017;Korenko et al, 2018Korenko et al, , 2022Eberhard and Gonzaga, 2019;Gonzaga et al, 2022). All studies on the manipulation of spider web building behavior work with the hypothesis that the purpose of the modified spider web is to protect the parasitoid during the pupal stage against natural elements and predators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two lines of defense in the pupas of ichneumonid wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts

et al. 2022

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Insects in the pupal stage are vulnerable to various predators because the pupa is immobile. The pupas of parasitoid ichneumonid wasps (Ichneumonidae) associated with spider hosts have evolved two lines of defense against predators, namely a cocoon spun by the parasitoid larva and a web provided by the spider host. The web is derived from a normal or modified spider web built by the spider under manipulation by the penultimate instar of the parasitoid wasp. In laboratory experiments, we tested the efficacy of these two defensive lines using six potential predators with two different types of mouthparts coming from three foraging guilds. The presence of the cocoon significantly reduced predation. Scavengers with chewing mouthparts, e.g., cockroaches and crickets, attacked and consumed pupas within both sparse and strong cocoon walls. Scavengers with piercing mouthparts were able to attack pupas in cocoons with a sparse wall, but not with a strong wall. Collectors and true predators showed no interest in cocoons. The presence of a web increased pupa protection by up to 80% when the web was on the ground and by up to 95% when the web was in the air. Only scavengers with chewing mouthparts were able to reach and consume pupas sheltered by the web. We provide the first evidence of how the two lines of defense contribute to parasitoid defense during the pupal stage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two lines of defense in the pupas of ichneumonid wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts

et al. 2022

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“…Their larvae live on the surface of a host, from which they suck the haemolymph and gradually mature to the nal instar. Shortly before pupation, the larva may induce an alteration in web building behaviour and the production of a "cocoon web", a silk structure which serves as protection for the parasitoid pupa 7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parasitoid manipulates the web building behaviour of the spider host, which often builds a unique silk structure. Web manipulation by the parasitoid larva has been reported in a number of spider species 7,11,12,18,19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of two lines of pupa defence in highly specialised Darwin wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)

Korenko

Sýkora

Kostro‐Ambroziak

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Insects in the pupal stage are vulnerable to various predators because the pupa is immobile. The pupae of parasitoid Darwin wasps associated with spider hosts have evolved two lines of defence against predators, namely a cocoon spun by the parasitoid larva and a web provided by the spider host. The web is derived from a normal or modified spider web built by the spider under manipulation by the penultimate instar of the parasitoid wasp. In laboratory experiments, we tested the efficacy of these two defensive lines using six potential predators with two different types of mouthparts coming from three foraging guilds. The cocoon significantly reduced predation. Scavengers with chewing mouthparts, e.g., cockroaches and crickets, attacked and consumed pupae within both sparse and strong cocoon walls. Scavengers with piercing mouthparts were able to attack pupae in cocoons with a sparse wall, but not with a strong wall. Collectors and true predators showed no interest in cocoons. The presence of a web increased pupa protection up to 80% when the web was on the ground and up to 95% when the web was in the air. Only scavengers with chewing mouthparts were able to reach and consume the pupae sheltered by the web. We provide the first evidence of how the two lines of defence contribute to parasitoid defence during the pupal stage.

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Deluded zombies: induced behavioral modification in a cobweb spider does not increase the survival of its parasitoid wasp

Kloss,

Gonzaga,

Mendes-Pereira

et al. 2024

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Sinarachna nigricornis and genus-specific host utilization of Araneus spiders by the genus Sinarachna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Two lines of defense in the pupas of ichneumonid wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts

Two lines of defense in the pupas of ichneumonid wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts

Efficacy of two lines of pupa defence in highly specialised Darwin wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)

Deluded zombies: induced behavioral modification in a cobweb spider does not increase the survival of its parasitoid wasp

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