SÍNDROME DOS OVÁRIOS POLICÍSTICOS: uma revisão

Abstract

Stein-Leventhal syndrome, currently known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is a common ovulatory disorder among women, affecting approximately 6-19% of the female population who are in menopause. It is characterized by presenting hyperandrogenic, reproductive and metabolic alterations. Although its etiology is complex, the relationship between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in the pathology has been proven. Furthermore, the pathophysiologic mechanisms that lead to PCOS are multifactorial, and it is believed to be a complex multigenic disorder, including hypothalamic-pituitary axis abnormalities, steroidogenesis, and insulin resistance. Treatment for PCOS aims to reduce the manifestations of hyperandrogenism, regularize menstrual cycles and correct metabolic changes. This is a systematic literature review, in which a survey of 47 articles was carried out, of which 16 articles were used. Inclusion criteria were articles dealing with polycystic ovary syndrome, in Portuguese and English. At the beginning of the research, 47 articles were selected that fit the keywords, of which 31 (65.9%) were excluded, which did not address the polycystic ovary syndrome. This paper reports the definition of PCOS, its causes, pathophysiological mechanisms and diagnostic criteria. In addition, this article on the treatment of PCOS exposes that the practice of physical exercise, together with nutritional guidance, are important for the improvement of the symptoms of the syndrome. FINAL: The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is emphasized, in order to prevent metabolic, hyperandrogenic and reproductive changes that affect the quality of life of patients with PCOS.