Single-atom catalysts for high-efficiency photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting: distinctive roles, unique fabrication methods and specific design strategies

He, Jingsheng; Liu, Pengyun; Ran, Ran; Wang, Wei; Zhou, Wei; Shao, Zongping

doi:10.1039/d2ta00835a

Cited by 83 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 298 publications

(621 reference statements)

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“…This demonstrates the important role of oxygen vacancies in photocatalysis. [98][99][100][101][102][103] Table 2 strongly suggests that along with surface oxygen vacancies, presence of Ce 3+ and Pr 3+ are major factors responsible for studied photocatalytic activity in water splitting, as well as in azo dyes degradation.…”

Section: Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications

Nundy

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Kojčinović

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Five different rare‐earth‐based nanocrystalline high entropy oxides (HEOs) with fluorite structure and average crystallite sizes between 6 and 8 nm are prepared and their photocatalytic behavior toward azo dye degradation and photoelectrochemical water splitting for hydrogen generation is examined. The cationic site in the fluorite lattice consists of five equimolar elements selected from the group of rare‐earth elements including La, Ce, Pr, Eu, and Gd and second‐row transition metals, Y and Zr. The studied HEOs exhibit bandgaps in the range from 1.91 to 3.0 eV and appropriate valence and conduction bands for water splitting. They reveal high photocatalytic activity that is mostly attributed to the accessibility of more photocatalytic active sites, which provide radicals responsible for the azo dye degradation. The materials successfully produce hydrogen by photocatalytic water splitting, suggesting the potential of HEOs as new photocatalysts. The photocatalytic performances of all studied HEOs outperform the single fluorite oxides or equivalent mixed oxides. The Ce0.2Zr0.2La0.2Pr0.2Y0.2O2 (CZLPY) engender hydrogen in 9.2 µmol mg−1 per hour that is much higher content than for pristine CeO2 material which amounts to 0.8 µmol mg−1 per hour.

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Section: Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications

Nundy

Tatar

Kojčinović

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…The increasingly serious dilemma about the depletion of traditional fossil fuels and its associated environmental pollution is obliging researchers to explore clean, efficient, and sustainable energy sources. Due to its zero-carbon emission and high energy value, H 2 has stood out from the crowd as an ideal alternative energy carrier to tackle environmental issues and energy crises. − Unfortunately, the current technologies for large-scale hydrogen production, such as reforming reaction and biohydrogen process, suffer from mass carbon emission or low conversion efficiency. , Water electrolysis triggered by electricity from solar and wind conversion is an efficient solution to develop a hydrogen economy at no environmental cost. The sluggish kinetics of the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting seriously limit the rate of hydrogen generation, requiring highly efficient electrocatalysts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis via Regulating the Electronic Structure in a Crystalline–Amorphous CoP/CeO_x p–n Heterojunction

Song

Zhu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The modulation of the electronic structure is the effective access to achieve highly active electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Transition-metal phosphide-based heterostructures are very promising in enhancing HER performance but the facile fabrication and an in-depth study of the catalytic mechanisms still remain a challenge. In this work, the catalytically inactive n-type CeO x is successfully combined with p-type CoP to form the CoP/CeO x heterojunction. The crystalline–amorphous CoP/CeO x heterojunction is fabricated by the phosphorization of predesigned Co(OH)2/CeO x via the as-developed reduction–hydrolysis strategy. The p–n CoP/CeO x heterojunction with a strong built-in potential of 1.38 V enables the regulation of the electronic structure of active CoP within the space–charge region to enhance its intrinsic activity and facilitate the electron transfer. The functional CeO x entity and the negatively charged CoP can promote the water dissociation and optimize H adsorption, synergistically boosting the electrocatalytic HER output. As expected, the heterostructured CoP/CeO x -20:1 with the optimal ratio of Co/Ce shows significantly improved HER activity and favorable kinetics (overpotential of 118 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2 and Tafel slope of 77.26 mV dec–1). The present study may provide new insight into the integration of crystalline and amorphous entities into the p–n heterojunction as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for energy storage and conversion.

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“…Among various renewable energies, solar energy has attracted extensive attention because of its abundance and clean nature. At present, the utilization of solar energy can be mainly categorized into photovoltaic (solar cells), photocatalysis and photothermal technologies [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Among them, solar cells are considered the most attractive ways to convert solar energy into electricity directly [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nanostructured Inorganic Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Organic−inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received particular attention in the last decade because of the high−power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), facile fabrication route and low cost. However, one of the most crucial obstacles to hindering the commercialization of PSCs is the instability issue, which is mainly caused by the inferior quality of the perovskite films and the poor tolerance of organic hole−transporting layer (HTL) against heat and moisture. Inorganic HTL materials are regarded as promising alternatives to replace organic counterparts for stable PSCs due to the high chemical stability, wide band gap, high light transmittance and low cost. In particular, nanostructure construction is reported to be an effective strategy to boost the hole transfer capability of inorganic HTLs and then enhance the PCEs of PSCs. Herein, the recent advances in the design and fabrication of nanostructured inorganic materials as HTLs for PSCs are reviewed by highlighting the superiority of nanostructured inorganic HTLs over organic counterparts in terms of moisture and heat tolerance, hole transfer capability and light transmittance. Furthermore, several strategies to boost the performance of inorganic HTLs are proposed, including fabrication route design, functional/selectively doping, morphology control, nanocomposite construction, etc. Finally, the challenges and future research directions about nanostructured inorganic HTL−based PSCs are provided and discussed. This review presents helpful guidelines for the design and fabrication of high−efficiency and durable inorganic HTL−based PSCs.

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Single-atom catalysts for high-efficiency photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting: distinctive roles, unique fabrication methods and specific design strategies

Abstract: Hydrogen is regarded as one of the most promising energy carriers because of its renewable and clean nature. Among various routes to generate hydrogen, solar water splitting has received increasing...

Cited by 83 publications

References 298 publications

Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications

Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications

Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis via Regulating the Electronic Structure in a Crystalline–Amorphous CoP/CeO_x p–n Heterojunction

Recent Advances in Nanostructured Inorganic Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

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Single-atom catalysts for high-efficiency photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting: distinctive roles, unique fabrication methods and specific design strategies

Abstract: Hydrogen is regarded as one of the most promising energy carriers because of its renewable and clean nature. Among various routes to generate hydrogen, solar water splitting has received increasing...

Cited by 83 publications

References 298 publications

Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications

Bandgap Engineering in Novel Fluorite‐Type Rare Earth High‐Entropy Oxides (RE‐HEOs) with Computational and Experimental Validation for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Applications

Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis via Regulating the Electronic Structure in a Crystalline–Amorphous CoP/CeOx p–n Heterojunction

Recent Advances in Nanostructured Inorganic Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

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Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis via Regulating the Electronic Structure in a Crystalline–Amorphous CoP/CeO_x p–n Heterojunction