Single‐Atom Ru Implanted on Co₃O₄ Nanosheets as Efficient Dual‐Catalyst for Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Abstract

Li‐CO 2 battery has attracted extensive attention and research due to its super high theoretical energy density and its ability to fix greenhouse gas CO 2 . However, the slow reaction kinetics during discharge/charge seriously limits its development. Hence, a simple cation exchange strategy is developed to introduce Ru atoms onto a Co 3 O 4 nanosheet array grown on carbon cloth (SA Ru‐Co 3 O 4 /CC) to prepare a single atom site catalyst (SASC) and successfully used in Li‐CO 2 battery. Li‐CO 2 batteries based on SA Ru‐Co 3 O 4 /CC cathode exhibit enhanced electrochemical performances including low overpotential, ultra high capacity, and long cycle life. Density functional theory calculations reveal that single atom Ru as the driving force center can significantly enhance the intrinsic affinity for key intermediates, thus enhancing the reaction kinetics of CO 2 reduction reaction in Li‐CO 2 batteries, and ultimately optimizing the growth pathway of discharge products. In addition, the Bader charge analysis indicates that Ru atoms as electron‐deficient centers can enhance the catalytic activity of SA Ru‐Co 3 O 4 /CC cathode for the CO 2 evolution reaction. It is believed that this work has important implications for the development of new SASCs and the design of efficient catalyst for Li‐CO 2 batteries.

Amidoxime Group‐Anchored Single Cobalt Atoms for Anti‐Biofouling during Uranium Extraction from Seawater

“…The separation of the peaks for the Co element shows that Co exists in PAO‐Co in the form of Co—N (782.5 eV), Co—O (780.5 eV), Co 2+ (780.1 eV), and Co 0 (778.4 eV) (Figure 2c ). [ 23 ] Based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and XPS analyses, the mass ratio of the total Co element and Co single atoms comprise of 8.49% and 0.71% of the material, respectively. The interaction between Co with N and O, which belongs to the amidoxime group, proves that Co element is bound by the amidoxime group.…”

“…The result of the XPS analysis revealed that the zero‐valent Co element was transformed into the valent of Co 2+ and Co 3+ , represented by the two satellite peaks at 785.5 and 801.9 eV, respectively (Figure 2d ). [ 23 , 24 ] After using the material for antimicrobial activity assay, the total amount of the Co element is also reduced from 84.9 mg g −1 in the initial material to 41.5 mg g −1 in the used material (Figure S2 , Supporting Information). The Co content decreases because the material cannot completely bind the Co ions owing to the higher binding affinity of the amidoxime group to the uranyl ion than to the Co ion.…”

Long-life reversible Li-CO2batteries with optimized Li2CO3flakes as discharge products on palladium-copper nanoparticles

“…Those flake-like discharge products have also been reported in some literature studies and confirmed to be Li 2 CO 3 , indicating the conformal growth mode without the formation of large particles. 13,33,34 The conformal growth of Li 2 CO 3 can be attributed to the high catalytic performance towards PdCu nanoalloys, for that the bulk Li 2 CO 3 have been found in Cu/N-CNF based Li-CO 2 batteries (Fig. S8 †).…”

“…[10][11][12] To conquer these barriers, a lot of effort has been made to explore high-efficiency bifunctional electrochemical catalysts towards both the CO 2 reduction reaction (CRR) and the CO 2 evolution reaction (CER). To date, carbon-based cathodes 5,6 including compounds with transition metal oxides/carbides, [13][14][15] noble metals, 11,13,16 metal-organic frameworks 17,18 and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) 8,19 have achieved a lot of effective and fruitful results in Li-CO 2 batteries. Among all, mono metal catalysts (like Au, Ru and Ir) have been reported to exhibit great catalytic performance toward the reduction and evolution of CO 2 .…”

Boosting Energy Efficiency and Stability of Li–CO2 Batteries via Synergy between Ru Atom Clusters and Single‐Atom Ru–N4 sites in the Electrocatalyst Cathode

“…[18] More importantly, the electrocatalytic capability of Ru-based catalyst is intrinsically highly versatile by virtue of the vast tunability in electronic structure. [19] Strategies including metal-support interaction (e.g., Ru SA -Co 3 O 4 [20] ), alloying engineering (e.g., RuRh alloy [21] and RuCu alloy [22] ), ligand engineering (e.g., RuP 2 [23] and Ru-organic ligand complex [24] ) were employed for developing Ru-based catalysts with tuned electronic structures, which can not only effectively facilitate reaction kinetics but also modify the reaction mechanism in Li-CO 2 battery. For instance, it was reported that Ru II center in Ru(bpy) 3 Cl 2 complex is able to interact with both CO 2 and Li 2 C 2 O 4 intermediate, thereby delaying carbonate transformation.…”